Tutorial by Examples: a

A reference is a scalar variable (one prefixed by $ ) which “refers to” some other data. my $value = "Hello"; my $reference = \$value; print $value; # => Hello print $reference; # => SCALAR(0x2683310) To get the referred-to data, you de-reference it. say ${$reference}...

Array References are scalars ($) which refer to Arrays. my @array = ("Hello"); # Creating array, assigning value from a list my $array_reference = \@array; These can be created more short-hand as follows: my $other_array_reference = ["Hello"]; Modifying / Using array ref...

Html5-Canvas ... Is an Html5 element. Is supported in most modern browsers (Internet Explorer 9+). Is a visible element that is transparent by default Has a default width of 300px and a default height of 150px. Requires JavaScript because all content must be programmatically added to the Canv...

The URLRequest and URLLoader classes work together to make requests from Flash to external resources. The URLRequest defines information about the request e.g. the request body and the request method type, and the URLLoader references this to perform the actual request and provide a means of being n...

The URLVariables class allows you to define data to be sent along with a URLRequest. Example: var variables:URLVariables = new URLVariables(); variables.prop = "hello"; variables.anotherProp = 10; var request:URLRequest = new URLRequest('http://someservice.com'); request.data = v...

The URLRequestMethod class contains constants for the various request types you can make. These constants are to be allocated to URLRequest's method property: var request:URLRequest = new URLRequest('http://someservice.com'); request.method = URLRequestMethod.POST; Note that only GET and POST...

When Flash makes a request for data from an external source, that operation is asynchronous. The most basic explanation of what this means is that the data loads "in the background" and triggers the event handler you allocate to Event.COMPLETE when it is received. This can happen at any po...

Flash will not load data from a domain other than the one your application is running on unless that domain has an XML crossdomain policy either in the root of the domain (e.g. http://somedomain.com/crossdomain.xml) or somewhere that you can target with Security.loadPolicyFile(). The crossdomain.xml...

Assuming we have an array myArray: var value:* = myArray[int(Math.random() * myArray.length)]; Note we use int to cast the result of Math.random() to an int because values like 2.4539543 would not be a valid array index.

First define the circle radius and its center: var radius:Number = 100; var center:Point = new Point(35, 70); Then generate a random angle in radians from the center: var angle:Number = Math.random() * Math.PI * 2; Then generate an effective radius of the returned point, so it'll be inside ...

function randomAngleRadians():Number { return Math.random() * Math.PI * 2; } Example outputs: 5.490068569213088 3.1984284719180205 4.581117863808207

If you need to roll for a true or false in an "x% chance" situation, use: function roll(chance:Number):Boolean { return Math.random() >= chance; } Used like: var success:Boolean = roll(0.5); // True 50% of the time. var again:Boolean = roll(0.25); // True 25% of the time. ...

To get any random color: function randomColor():uint { return Math.random() * 0xFFFFFF; } If you need more control over the red, green and blue channels: var r:uint = Math.random() * 0xFF; var g:uint = Math.random() * 0xFF; var b:uint = Math.random() * 0xFF; var color:uint = r <&...

This is the built-in way to deal with "exceptions" without relying on third party libraries like Try::Tiny. my $ret; eval { $ret = some_function_that_might_die(); 1; } or do { my $eval_error = $@ || "Zombie error!"; handle_error($eval_error); }; # use $ret ...

Value Type (where T : struct) The built-in primitive data types, such as char, int, and float, as well as user-defined types declared with struct, or enum. Their default value is new T() : default(int) // 0 default(DateTime) // 0001-01-01 12:00:00 AM default(char) // '...

To display the hunks that are staged for commit: git diff --cached

To get started with Thymeleaf visit official download page. Maven dependency <dependency> <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId> <version>3.0.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> Gradle dependency compile gr...

Current file You can get the name of the current PHP file (with the absolute path) using the __FILE__ magic constant. This is most often used as a logging/debugging technique. echo "We are in the file:" , __FILE__ , "\n"; Current directory To get the absolute path to the di...

2.2 func removeCharactersNotInSetFromText(text: String, set: Set<Character>) -> String { return String(text.characters.filter { set.contains( $0) }) } let text = "Swift 3.0 Come Out" var chars = Set([Character]("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLKMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ&...

array_chunk() splits an array into chunks Let's say we've following single dimensional array, $input_array = array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'); Now using array_chunk() on above PHP array, $output_array = array_chunk($input_array, 2); Above code will make chunks of 2 array elements and create a...