asp.net-core Localization Set Request culture via url path

Example

By default the built-in Request Localization middleware only supports setting culture via query, cookie or Accept-Language header. This example shows how create a middleware which allows to set the culture as part of the path like in /api/en-US/products.

This example middleware assumes the locale to be in the second segment of the path.

public class UrlRequestCultureProvider : RequestCultureProvider
{
    private static readonly Regex LocalePattern = new Regex(@"^[a-z]{2}(-[a-z]{2,4})?$",
                                                        RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);

    public override Task<ProviderCultureResult> DetermineProviderCultureResult(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        if (httpContext == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(httpContext));
        }

        var url = httpContext.Request.Path;

        // Right now it's not possible to use httpContext.GetRouteData()
        // since it uses IRoutingFeature placed in httpContext.Features when
        // Routing Middleware registers. It's not set when the Localization Middleware
        // is called, so this example simply assumes the locale will always 
        // be located in the second segment of a path, like in /api/en-US/products
        var parts = httpContext.Request.Path.Value.Split('/');
        if (parts.Length < 3)
        {
            return Task.FromResult<ProviderCultureResult>(null);
        }

        if (!LocalePattern.IsMatch(parts[2]))
        {
            return Task.FromResult<ProviderCultureResult>(null);
        }

        var culture = parts[2];
        return Task.FromResult(new ProviderCultureResult(culture));
    }
}

Middleware Registration

var localizationOptions = new RequestLocalizationOptions
{
    SupportedCultures = new List<CultureInfo>
    {
        new CultureInfo("de-DE"),
        new CultureInfo("en-US"),
        new CultureInfo("en-GB")
    },
    SupportedUICultures = new List<CultureInfo>
    {
        new CultureInfo("de-DE"),
        new CultureInfo("en-US"),
        new CultureInfo("en-GB")
    },
    DefaultRequestCulture = new RequestCulture("en-US")
};

// Adding our UrlRequestCultureProvider as first object in the list
localizationOptions.RequestCultureProviders.Insert(0, new UrlRequestCultureProvider
{
    Options = localizationOptions
});

app.UseRequestLocalization(localizationOptions);

Custom Route Constraints

Adding and creating custom route constraints are shown in the Route constrains example. Using constraints simplifies the usage of custom route constrains.

Registering the route

Example of registering the routes without using a custom constraints

app.UseMvc(routes => 
{ 
    routes.MapRoute( 
        name: "default", 
        template: "api/{culture::regex(^[a-z]{{2}}-[A-Za-z]{{4}}$)}}/{controller}/{id?}"); 
    routes.MapRoute( 
        name: "default", 
        template: "api/{controller}/{id?}"); 
});