Tutorial by Examples: t

maplist/2 and maplist/3 are higher-order predicates, which allow the definition of a predicate to be lifted about a single element to lists of such elements. These predicates can be defined using call/2 and call/3 as building blocks and ship with many Prolog systems. For example: ?- maplist(dif(a)...

In Prolog, the so-called meta-call is a built-in language feature. All Prolog code is represented by Prolog terms, allowing goals to be constructed dynamically and be used like other goals without additional predicates: ?- Goal = dif(X, Y), Goal. dif(X, Y). Using this mechanism, other higher-or...

Predicates that impede or prohibit a declarative reading of Prolog programs are extra-logical. Examples of such predicates are: !/0 (->)/2 and if-then-else (\+)/1 These predicates can only be understood procedurally, by taking into account the actual control flow of the interpreter, and a...

The keyword auto provides the auto-deduction of type of a variable. It is especially convenient when dealing with long type names: std::map< std::string, std::shared_ptr< Widget > > table; // C++98 std::map< std::string, std::shared_ptr< Widget > >::iterator i = table.fin...

Unification is a pure relation. It does not produce side effects and can be used in all directions, with either or both arguments fully or only partially instantiated. In Prolog, unification can happen explicitly, using built-in predicates like (=)/2 or unify_with_occurs_check/2 implicitly, whe...

Optionals (also known as Maybe types) are used to represent a type whose contents may or may not be present. They are implemented in C++17 as the std::optional class. For example, an object of type std::optional<int> may contain some value of type int, or it may contain no value. Optionals ar...

BEGIN TRANSACTION INSERT INTO DeletedEmployees(EmployeeID, DateDeleted, User) (SELECT 123, GetDate(), CURRENT_USER); DELETE FROM Employees WHERE EmployeeID = 123; COMMIT TRANSACTION

local function A(name, age, hobby) print(name .. "is " .. age .. " years old and likes " .. hobby) end A("john", "eating", 23) --> prints 'john is eating years old and likes 23' -- oops, seems we got the order of the arguments wrong... -- this happ...

One of the most elementary DCG nonterminals is ... //0, which can be read as "anything at all": ... --> [] | [_], ... . It can be used to describe a list Ls that contains the element E via: phrase(( ..., [E], ... ), Ls)

DCGs can be used for parsing. Best of all, the same DCG can often be used to both parse and generate lists that are being described. For example: sentence --> article, subject, verb, object. article --> [the]. subject --> [woman] | [man]. verb --> [likes] | [enjoys]. object ...

The C-API is the most powerful way to access PostgreSQL and it is surprisingly comfortable. Compilation and linking During compilation, you have to add the PostgreSQL include directory, which can be found with pg_config --includedir, to the include path. You must link with the PostgreSQL client s...

Prerequisites In order to run Elasticsearch, a Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is required on the machine. Elasticsearch requires Java 7 or higher and recommends Oracle JDK version 1.8.0_73. Install Oracle Java 8 sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:webupd8team/java sudo apt-get update echo "or...

Use charAt() to get a character at the specified index in the string. var string = "Hello, World!"; console.log( string.charAt(4) ); // "o" Alternatively, because strings can be treated like arrays, use the index via bracket notation. var string = "Hello, World!";...

CREATE TABLE person ( person_id BIGINT NOT NULL, last_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, first_name VARCHAR(255), address VARCHAR(255), city VARCHAR(255), PRIMARY KEY (person_id) ); Alternatively, you can place the PRIMARY KEY constraint directly in the column definition: ...

OrientDB is available in two editions: Community Edition is released as an open source project under the Apache 2 license. This license allows unrestricted free usage for both open source and commercial projects. Enterprise Edition is commercial software built on top of the Community Edit...

In ASP.NET Web API, a controller is a class that handles HTTP requests. The public methods of the controller are called action methods or simply actions. When the Web API framework receives a request, it routes the request to an action. To determine which action to invoke, the framework uses a rou...

<template name="myTemplate"> {{#each results}} <div><span>{{name}}</span><span>{{age}}</span></div> {{/each}} </template> Template.myTemplate.onCreated(function() { this.results = new ReactiveVar(); Meteor.call('myMethod'...

A template autorun may be used to (re)subscribe to a publication. It establishes a reactive context which is re-executed whenever any reactive data it depends on changes. In addition, an autorun always runs once (the first time it is executed). Template autoruns are normally put in an onCreated met...

Everything to the right of // in the same line is commented. int i = 0; // Commented out text

CREATE FUNCTION FirstWord (@input varchar(1000)) RETURNS varchar(1000) AS BEGIN DECLARE @output varchar(1000) SET @output = SUBSTRING(@input, 0, CASE CHARINDEX(' ', @input) WHEN 0 THEN LEN(@input) + 1 ELSE CHARINDEX(' ', @input) END) RETURN @output END ...