C++ Tutorial => Basic auto sample

Example

The keyword auto provides the auto-deduction of type of a variable.

It is especially convenient when dealing with long type names:

std::map< std::string, std::shared_ptr< Widget > > table;
// C++98
std::map< std::string, std::shared_ptr< Widget > >::iterator i = table.find( "42" );
// C++11/14/17
auto j = table.find( "42" );

with range-based for loops:

vector<int> v = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
for(auto n: v)
    std::cout << n << ' ';

with lambdas:

auto f = [](){ std::cout << "lambda\n"; };
f();

to avoid the repetition of the type:

auto w = std::make_shared< Widget >();

to avoid surprising and unnecessary copies:

auto myMap = std::map<int,float>();
myMap.emplace(1,3.14);

std::pair<int,float> const& firstPair2 = *myMap.begin();  // copy!
auto const& firstPair = *myMap.begin();  // no copy!

The reason for the copy is that the returned type is actually std::pair<const int,float>!

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C++ auto Basic auto sample

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