C++ operator precedence
Remarks
Operators are listed top to bottom, in descending precedence. Operators with the same number have equal precedence and the same associativity.
::- The postfix operators:
[]()T(...).->++--dynamic_caststatic_castreinterpret_castconst_casttypeid - The unary prefix operators:
++--*&+-!~sizeofnewdeletedelete[]; the C-style cast notation,(T)...; (C++11 and above)sizeof...alignofnoexcept .*and->**,/, and%, binary arithmetic operators+and-, binary arithmetic operators<<and>><,>,<=,>===and!=&, the bitwise AND operator^|&&||?:(ternary conditional operator)=,*=,/=,%=,+=,-=,>>=,<<=,&=,^=,|=throw,(the comma operator)
The assignment, compound assignment, and ternary conditional operators are right-associative. All other binary operators are left-associative.
The rules for the ternary conditional operator are a bit more complicated than simple precedence rules can express.
- An operand binds less tightly to a
?on its left or a:on its right than to any other operator. Effectively, the second operand of the conditional operator is parsed as though it is parenthesized. This allows an expression such asa ? b , c : dto be syntactically valid. - An operand binds more tightly to a
?on its right than to an assignment operator orthrowon its left, soa = b ? c : dis equivalent toa = (b ? c : d)andthrow a ? b : cis equivalent tothrow (a ? b : c). - An operand binds more tightly to an assignment operator on its right than to
:on its left, soa ? b : c = dis equivalent toa ? b : (c = d).
