Tutorial by Examples: c

Vector dot products

The dot function can also be used to compute vector dot products between two one-dimensional numpy arrays. >>> v = np.array([1,2]) >>> w = np.array([1,2]) >>> v.dot(w) 5 >>> np.dot(w,v) 5 >>> np.dot(v,w) 5

numpy • numpy.dot

Anonymous functions

Since functions are ordinary values, there is a convenient syntax for creating functions without names: List.map (fun x -> x * x) [1; 2; 3; 4] (* - : int list = [1; 4; 9; 16] *) This is handy, as we would otherwise have to name the function first (see let) to be able to use it: let square x...

OCaml • Functions

Catch and Switch Pattern for Explicit Error Handling

class Plane { enum Emergency: ErrorType { case NoFuel case EngineFailure(reason: String) case DamagedWing } var fuelInKilograms: Int //... init and other methods not shown func fly() throws { // ... if fuelInKilograms ...

Swift Language • Error Handling

Unmodifiable (const) variables

const int a = 0; /* This variable is "unmodifiable", the compiler should throw an error when this variable is changed */ int b = 0; /* This variable is modifiable */ b += 10; /* Changes the value of 'b' */ a += 10; /* Throws a compiler error */ The const qualif...

C Language • Type Qualifiers

Move your work in progress to another branch

If while working you realize you're on wrong branch and you haven't created any commits yet, you can easily move your work to correct branch using stashing: git stash git checkout correct-branch git stash pop Remember git stash pop will apply the last stash and delete it from the stash list. T...

Git • Stashing

process.argv command line arguments

process.argv is an array containing the command line arguments. The first element will be node, the second element will be the name of the JavaScript file. The next elements will be any additional command line arguments. Code Example: Output sum of all command line arguments index.js var sum = 0...

Node.js • Environment

Copying strings

Pointer assignments do not copy strings You can use the = operator to copy integers, but you cannot use the = operator to copy strings in C. Strings in C are represented as arrays of characters with a terminating null-character, so using the = operator will only save the address (pointer) of a str...

C Language • Strings

A Simple Websocket

Here we make a simple echo websocket using asyncio. We define coroutines for connecting to a server and sending/receiving messages. The communcations of the websocket are run in a main coroutine, which is run by an event loop. This example is modified from a prior post. import asyncio import ai...

Python Language • Asyncio Module

cx_Freeze

Install cx_Freeze from here Unzip the folder and run these commands from that directory: python setup.py build sudo python setup.py install Create a new directory for your python script and create a "setup.py" file in the same directory with the following content: application_title ...

Python Language • Distribution

Create singleton class with a decorator

A singleton is a pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to one instance/object. Using a decorator, we can define a class as a singleton by forcing the class to either return an existing instance of the class or create a new instance (if it doesn't exist). def singleton(cls): i...

Python Language • Decorators

Getting the distance between two points

Using vanilla mathematics: var from:Point = new Point(300, 10); var to:Point = new Point(75, 40); var a:Number = to.x - from.x; var b:Number = to.y - from.y; var distance:Number = Math.sqrt(a * a + b * b); Using inbuilt functionality of Point: var distance:Number = to.subtract(from).len...