Tutorial by Examples: pt

The following will log the JSON response from the API to the console if the request was successful, otherwise it will log the error. var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); xhr.open('GET', 'https://api.twitch.tv/kraken', true); xhr.setRequestHeader('Client-ID', '...'); xhr.onload = function(...

// Create an array with a fixed size and type. var array = new Uint8Array(5); // Generate cryptographically random values crypto.getRandomValues(array); // Print the array to the console console.log(array); crypto.getRandomValues(array) can be used with instances of the following classes...

If you have cloned a fork (e.g. an open source project on Github) you may not have push access to the upstream repository, so you need both your fork but be able to fetch the upstream repository. First check the remote names: $ git remote -v origin https://github.com/myusername/repo.git (fetch...

By default, all the methods declared in a protocol are required. This means that any class that conforms to this protocol must implement those methods. It is also possible to declare optional methods. These method can be implemented only if needed. You mark optional methods with the @optional dire...

Example init script for scollector: #!/bin/bash # # scollector Startup script for scollector. # # chkconfig: 2345 90 60 # description: scollector is a replacement for OpenTSDB's TCollector \ # and can be used to send metrics to a Bosun server # Source function library. . /etc/init....

Here is an init.d script for Bosun that includes setting Environmental Variables that can be used to hide secrets from the raw config. It uses http://software.clapper.org/daemonize/ to run the program as a daemon. #!/bin/sh # # /etc/rc.d/init.d/bosun # bosun # # chkconfig: - 98 02 # descripti...

A nice example of a parameterized type is the Option type. It is essentially just the following definition (with several more methods defined on the type): sealed abstract class Option[+A] { def isEmpty: Boolean def get: A final def fold[B](ifEmpty: => B)(f: A => B): B = if (i...

You may need to convert a Stream emitting Optional to a Stream of values, emitting only values from existing Optional. (ie: without null value and not dealing with Optional.empty()). Optional<String> op1 = Optional.empty(); Optional<String> op2 = Optional.of("Hello World");...

The function php_sapi_name() and the constant PHP_SAPI both return the type of interface (Server API) that is being used by PHP. They can be used to restrict the execution of a script to the command line, by checking whether the output of the function is equal to cli. if (php_sapi_name() === 'cli')...

This is the Python 2 syntax, note the commas , on the raise and except lines: Python 2.x2.3 try: raise IOError, "input/output error" except IOError, exc: print exc In Python 3, the , syntax is dropped and replaced by parenthesis and the as keyword: try: raise IOErro...

Special care needs to be taken when there is a possibility that an array become an empty array when it comes to logical operators. It is often expected that if all(A) is true then any(A) must be true and if any(A) is false, all(A) must also be false. That is not the case in MATLAB with empty arrays....

Properties are members of an object. Each named property is a pair of (name, descriptor). The name is a string that allows access (using the dot notation object.propertyName or the square brackets notation object['propertyName']). The descriptor is a record of fields defining the bevahiour of the pr...

Starting with PHP Sessions we can pass an array with session-based php.ini options to the session_start function. Example <?php if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '7.0.0') >= 0) { // php >= 7 version session_start([ 'cache_limiter' => 'private', ...

In this example, we will look at a method for returning the last non-empty row in a column for a data set. This method will work regardless of empty regions within the data set. However caution should be used if merged cells are involved, as the End method will be "stopped" against a mer...

All Java exceptions are instances of classes in the Exception class hierarchy. This can be represented as follows: java.lang.Throwable - This is the base class for all exception classes. Its methods and constructors implement a range of functionality common to all exceptions. java.lang.Excep...

To raise an exception use Kernel#raise passing the exception class and/or message: raise StandardError # raises a StandardError.new raise StandardError, "An error" # raises a StandardError.new("An error") You can also simply pass an error message. In this case, the message i...

A custom exception is any class that extends Exception or a subclass of Exception. In general, you should always extend StandardError or a descendant. The Exception family are usually for virtual-machine or system errors, rescuing them can prevent a forced interruption from working as expected. # ...

Use the begin/rescue block to catch (rescue) an exception and handle it: begin # an execution that may fail rescue # something to execute in case of failure end A rescue clause is analogous to a catch block in a curly brace language like C# or Java. A bare rescue like this rescues Stand...

You can handle multiple errors in the same rescue declaration: begin # an execution that may fail rescue FirstError, SecondError => e # do something if a FirstError or SecondError occurs end You can also add multiple rescue declarations: begin # an execution that may fail rescue ...

def welcome_guests(*guests) guests.each { |guest| puts "Welcome #{guest}!" } end welcome_guests('Tom') # Welcome Tom! welcome_guests('Rob', 'Sally', 'Lucas') # Welcome Rob! # Welcome Sally! # W...