Inversion of Control Invert the Control using Dependency Injection

Dependency Injection (DI) is a software design pattern used to achieve Inversion of Control (IoC) between classes and their dependencies.

You can take advantage of dependency injection to pass an instance of a concrete logger class using constructor injection, as shown below.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace IoCDemo
{
    public class CustomerService
    {
        private readonly ILogger _logger;
        public CustomerService(ILogger logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }
        public void Log(string message)
        {
            _logger.Log(message);
        }
    }
}

Now, to use the logging, we need to pass the ILogger interface to the CustomerService class. Let's create an instance of the FileLogger class and use constructor injection to pass the dependency.

using System;

namespace IoCDemo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ILogger logger = new FileLogger();
            CustomerService service = new CustomerService(logger);
            service.Log("Hello World!, it will log to the text file.");
        }
    }
}

Now, if you want to use the DatabaseLogger, you don't need to change the implementation of the CustomerService class, but you will only need to create an instance of DatabaseLogger and pass it to the CustomerService constructor.

using System;

namespace IoCDemo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ILogger logger = new FileLogger();
            CustomerService service = new CustomerService(logger);
            service.Log("Hello World!, it will log to the text file.\n");

            logger = new DatabaseLogger();
            service = new CustomerService(logger);
            service.Log("Hello World!, it will log to the database.\n");

            logger = new XMLLogger();
            service = new CustomerService(logger);
            service.Log("Hello World!, it will log to the XML file.\n");
        }
    }
}

Let's run your application, and you will see the following output.

Inside Log method of FileLogger.
Method: LogToFile, Text: Hello World!, it will log to the text file.

Inside Log method of DatabaseLogger.
Method: LogToDatabase, Text: Hello World!, it will log to the database.

Inside Log method of XMLLogger.
Method: LogToXML, Text: Hello World!, it will log to the XML file.