When the field is checked the validation rule will be disabled, for the running user or in this example, their profile -
The rule can also be disabled for a whole Salesforce org -
AND(
/* the below is the reference to the Val_Rule_Cntrlr__c custom setting's checkbox field All_Opportunity_Disabled__c
*/
$Setup.Val_Rule_Cntrlr__c.All_Opportunity_Disabled__c = FALSE,
/* the below is the remainder of the validation rule's formula
*/
CloseDate < TODAY()
)
In the above rule, both pieces of criteria must evaluate to TRUE in order for the rule to be triggered.
Since All_Opportunity_Disabled__c checkbox will evaluate to TRUE when the running user's profile is System Administrator, the rule will evaluate to FALSE.
The same approach can be applied in order to deactivate Workflow Rules.