spring ApplicationContext Configuration Xml Configuration

Example

Xml configuration is typically done by defining beans within an xml file, using Spring's specific beans schema. Under the root beans element, typical bean definition would be done using the bean subelement.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!-- An Author created with the default constructor
         setting no properties -->
    <bean id="author1" class="org.springframework.example.Author" />
    
    <!-- An Author created with the constructor that initializes the 
         name fields -->
    <bean id="author2" class="org.springframework.example.Author">
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="Steven" />
        <constructor-arg index="1" value="King" />
    </bean>

    <!-- An Author created with the default constructor, but  
         then uses the property setters to specify name fields -->
    <bean id="author3" class="org.springframework.example.Author">
        <property name="firstName" value="George" />
        <property name="lastName" value="Martin" />
    </bean>

    <!-- A Book created referring to author2 (created above) via
         a constructor argument -->
    <bean id="book1" class="org.springframework.example.Book">
        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="author2" />
        <constructor-arg index="1" value="It" />
    </bean>

    <!-- A Book created referring to author3 (created above) via
         a property setter -->
    <bean id="book1" class="org.springframework.example.Book">
        <property name="author" ref="author3" />
        <property name="title" value="A Game of Thrones" />
    </bean>
</beans>

---

// The classes that are being initialized and wired above...
class Book { // assume package org.springframework.example
    Author author;
    String title;
    
    Book() {} // default constructor
    Book(Author author, String title) {
        this.author = author;
        this.title= title;
    }

    Author getAuthor() { return author; }
    String getTitle() { return title; }

    void setAuthor(Author author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title= title;
    }
}

class Author { // assume package org.springframework.example
    String firstName;
    String lastName;

    Author() {} // default constructor
    Author(String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    String getFirstName() { return firstName; }
    String getLastName() { return lastName; }

    void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }
}