Tutorial by Topics: characters

String.characters // Returns an Array of the characters in the String String.characters.count // Returns the number of characters String.utf8 // A String.UTF8View, returns the UTF-8 character points in the String String.utf16 // A String.UTF16View, returns the UTF-16 character points in the St...

Terminology The Caret (^) character is also referred to by the following terms: hat control uparrow chevron circumflex accent Usage It has two uses in regular expressions: To denote the start of the line If used immediately after a square bracket ([^) it acts to negate the set of a...

A great deal of regex engines use a "multi-line" mode in order to search several lines in a file independently. Therefore when using $, these engines will match all lines' endings. However, engines that do not use this kind of multi-line mode will only match the last position of the st...

The assignment of string-literals in VBA is confined by the limitations of the IDE and the codepage of the current user's language settings. The examples above demonstrate the special-cases of escaped strings, special, non-printable strings and long string-literals. When assigning string-literals...

The term literal is commonly used to describe a sequence of characters in a C code that designates a constant value such as a number (e.g. 0) or a string (e.g. "C"). Strictly speaking, the standard uses the term constant for integer constants, floating constants, enumeration constants ...

There are times you need to assign a string variable with a specific character repeated a specific number of times. VBA provides two main functions for this purpose: String/String$ Space/Space$.

An Unicode code point, what programmers often think of one character, often corresponds to what the user thinks is one character. Sometimes however a “character” is made up of multiple code points, as the examples above show. This means that operations like slicing a string, or getting a characte...

Not all preprocessors support trigraph sequence processing. Some compilers give an extra option or switch for processing them. Others use a separate program to convert trigraphs. The GCC compiler does not recognize them unless you explicitly request it to do so (use -trigraphs to enable them; use...

Generally speaking, it is best not to use T-SQL Reserved Words as table names, column names, programming object names, alias etc. So the method to escape these keywords should only be applied if you are inheriting a database design that cannot be changed. For reserved words, usage of the square b...

VBA can read and write strings in any language or script using Unicode. However, there are stricter rules in place for Identifier Tokens.

In all cmd.exe and DOS version, some characters are reserved for specific usage(e.g. command redirection). This topic will talk about how to use the special characters without issues.