This pattern will allow you to filter lines depending on its length
$cat file
AAAAA
BBBB
CCCC
DDDD
EEEE
$awk 'length($0) > 4 { print $0 }' file
AAAAA
$
Anyway, the pattern will allow the next code block to be executed, then, as the default action for AWK is printing the current line {print}
, we´ll see the same result when executing this:
$awk 'length($0) > 4 ' file
AAAAA