Tutorial by Examples: d

Types instantiating Ord include, e.g., Int, String, and [a] (for types a where there's an Ord a instance). If a type instantiates Ord it means that we know a “natural” ordering of values of that type. Note, there are often many possible choices of the “natural” ordering of a type and Ord forces us t...

You can select elements with different selectors : by tag : "div" by class : ".class" by id : "#id" by attribute : "[color=blue]" multiple selectors (OR): "div1, div2, class1" multiple selectors (AND): "div1 div2 class1"

This will give current system version. Objective-C NSString *version = [[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] Swift let version = UIDevice.currentDevice().systemVersion Swift 3 let version = UIDevice.current.systemVersion

<div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <!--- vvv Hamburger icon that gets shown when window reaches a certain scale vvv ---> <button type...

<div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".n...

You can choose between major distributions of LaTeX: TeX Live (Windows, Linux, and OS X), the standard, cross-platform distribution. MacTeX (Mac) A packaged version of TeX Live made for OS X with some Mac-specific tools MiKTeX (Windows) A separate distribution entirely that All distributions...

If a covariant type appears as an output, the containing type is covariant. Producing a producer of Ts is like producing Ts. interface IReturnCovariant<out T> { IEnumerable<T> GetTs(); } If a contravariant type appears as an output, the containing type is contravariant. Produc...

In Scala operators (such as +, -, *, ++, etc.) are just methods. For instance, 1 + 2 can be written as 1.+(2). These sorts of methods are called 'infix operators'. This means custom methods can be defined on your own types, reusing these operators: class Matrix(rows: Int, cols: Int, val data: Seq[...

The case modifier causes the Scala compiler to automatically generate common boilerplate code for the class. Implementing this code manually is tedious and a source of errors. The following case class definition: case class Person(name: String, age: Int) ... will have the following code automati...

Unity works with hierarchies in order to keep your project organized. You can assign objects a place in the hierarchy using the editor but you can also do this through code. Parenting You can set an object's parent with the following methods var other = GetOtherGameObject(); other.transform.Se...

append([], Bs, Bs). append([A|As], Bs, [A|Cs]) :- append(As, Bs, Cs). append/3 is one of the most well-known Prolog relations. It defines a relation between three arguments and is true if the third argument is a list that denotes the concatenation of the lists that are specified in the firs...

CLP(FD) constraints are provided by all serious Prolog implementations. They allow us to reason about integers in a pure way. ?- X #= 1 + 2. X = 3. ?- 5 #= Y + 2. Y = 3.

Sometimes you want to destructure key under a map which might not be present in the map, but you want a default value for the destructured value. You can do that this way: (def my-map {:a 3 :b 4}) (let [{a :a b :b :keys [c d] :or {a 1 c 2}} my-map] (println ...

Destructurling works in many places, as well as in the param list of an fn: (defn my-func [[_ a b]] (+ a b)) (my-func [1 2 3]) ;= 5 (my-func (range 5)) ;= 3 Destructuring also works for the & rest construct in the param list: (defn my-func2 [& [_ a b]] (+ a b)) (my-func2 1 ...

Predicates that produce side effects leave the realm of pure logic. These are for example: writeq/1 read/1 format/2 Side effects are phenomena that cannot be reasoned about within the program. For example, deletion of a file or output on the system terminal.

Predicates that reason about instantiations are called meta-logical. Examples are: var/1 ground/1 integer/1 These predicates are outside the realm of pure monotonic logic programs, because they break properties like commutativity of conjunction. Other predicates that are meta-logical includ...

Predicates that reason about all solutions are extra-logical. These are for example: setof/3 findall/3 bagof/3

CLP(FD) constraints are completely pure relations. They can be used in all directions for declarative integer arithmetic: ?- X #= 1+2. X = 3. ?- 3 #= Y+2. Y = 1.

In oracle, the difference (in days and/or fractions thereof) between two DATEs can be found using subtraction: SELECT DATE '2016-03-23' - DATE '2015-12-25' AS difference FROM DUAL; Outputs the number of days between the two dates: DIFFERENCE ---------- 89 And: SELECT TO_DATE( '201...

The MEDIAN function since Oracle 10g is an easy to use aggregation function: SELECT MEDIAN(SAL) FROM EMP It returns the median of the values Works on DATETIME values too. The result of MEDIAN is computed by first ordering the rows. Using N as the number of rows in the group, Oracle calcula...