The following examples use the UTF-8 encoding to represent filenames (and directory names) on disk. If you want to use another encoding, you should use Encode::encode(...)
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use v5.14;
# Make Perl recognize UTF-8 encoded characters in literal strings.
# For this to work: Make sure your text-editor is using UTF-8, so
# that bytes on disk are really UTF-8 encoded.
use utf8;
# Ensure that possible error messages printed to screen are converted to UTF-8.
# For this to work: Check that your terminal emulator is using UTF-8.
binmode STDOUT, ':utf8';
binmode STDERR, ':utf8';
my $filename = 'æ€'; # $filename is now an internally UTF-8 encoded string.
# Note: in the following it is assumed that $filename has the internal UTF-8
# flag set, if $filename is pure ASCII, it will also work since its encoding
# overlaps with UTF-8. However, if it has another encoding like extended ASCII,
# $filename will be written with that encoding and not UTF-8.
# Note: it is not necessary to encode $filename as UTF-8 here
# since Perl is using UTF-8 as its internal encoding of $filename already
# Example1 -- using open()
open ( my $fh, '>', $filename ) or die "Could not open '$filename': $!";
close $fh;
# Example2 -- using qx() and touch
qx{touch $filename};
# Example3 -- using system() and touch
system 'touch', $filename;
# Example4 -- using File::Touch
use File::Touch;
eval { touch( $filename ) }; die "Could not create file '$filename': $!" if $@;