Starting with version 3.2 of the ArcGIS API for JavaScript, developers must include an additional Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) file: esri.css.
The URL for this file is:
// versions 3.11 and forward
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://js.arcgis.com/API-VERSION/esri/css/esri.css">
// versions prior to 3.11
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://js.arcgis.com/API-VERSION/js/esri/css/esri.css">
For instance, this CSS file would be included via a link tag:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://js.arcgis.com/3.19/esri/css/esri.css">
The esri.css file contains the CSS for various widgets, including CSS for the map.
Because all CSS is in a single file, retrieving CSS for the API is done in a single request. Reducing the number of http requests is one way for apps to improve performance.