Django Database Setup MySQL / MariaDB
Example
Django supports MySQL 5.5 and higher.
Make sure to have some packages installed:
$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server libmysqlclient-dev
$ sudo apt-get install python-dev python-pip # for python 2
$ sudo apt-get install python3-dev python3-pip # for python 3
As well as one of the Python MySQL drivers (mysqlclient beeing the recommended choice for Django):
$ pip install mysqlclient # python 2 and 3
$ pip install MySQL-python # python 2
$ pip install pymysql # python 2 and 3
The database encoding can not be set by Django, but needs to be configured on the database level. Look for
default-character-setin my.cnf (or/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf/*.cnf) and set the encoding:
[mysql]
#default-character-set = latin1 #default on some systems.
#default-character-set = utf8mb4 #default on some systems.
default-character-set = utf8
...
[mysqld]
#character-set-server = utf8mb4
#collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
Database configuration for MySQL or MariaDB
#myapp/settings/settings.py
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'DB_NAME',
'USER': 'DB_USER',
'PASSWORD': 'DB_PASSWORD',
'HOST': 'localhost', # Or an IP Address that your database is hosted on
'PORT': '3306',
#optional:
'OPTIONS': {
'charset' : 'utf8',
'use_unicode' : True,
'init_command': 'SET '
'storage_engine=INNODB,'
'character_set_connection=utf8,'
'collation_connection=utf8_bin'
#'sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,' # see note below
#'SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED',
},
'TEST_CHARSET': 'utf8',
'TEST_COLLATION': 'utf8_general_ci',
}
}
If you are using Oracle's MySQL connector your ENGINE line should look like this:
'ENGINE': 'mysql.connector.django',
When you create a database, make sure that to specify the encoding and collation:
CREATE DATABASE mydatabase CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin
From MySQL 5.7 onwards and on fresh installs of MySQL 5.6, the default value of the sql_mode option contains STRICT_TRANS_TABLES. That option escalates warnings into errors when data is truncated upon insertion. Django highly recommends activating a strict mode for MySQL to prevent data loss (either STRICT_TRANS_TABLES or STRICT_ALL_TABLES). To enable add to /etc/my.cnf
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
