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An Anaphoric Macro is a macro that introduces a variable (often IT) that captures the result of a user-supplied form. A common example is the Anaphoric If, which is like a regular IF, but also defines the variable IT to refer to the result of the test-form. (defmacro aif (test-form then-form &o...

Macro expansion is the process of turning macros into actual code. This usually happens as part of the compilation process. The compiler will expand all macro forms before actually compiling code. Macro expansion also happens during interpretation of Lisp code. One can call MACROEXPAND manually to ...

Macros return code. Since code in Lisp consists of lists, one can use the regular list manipulation functions to generate it. ;; A pointless macro (defmacro echo (form) (list 'progn (list 'format t "Form: ~a~%" (list 'quote form)) form)) This is often very hard to...

The expansion of a macro often needs to use symbols that weren't passed as arguments by the user (as names for local variables, for example). One must make sure that such symbols cannot conflict with a symbol that the user is using in the surrounding code. This is usually achieved by using GENSYM, ...

json.Marshal from the package "encoding/json" encodes a value to JSON. The parameter is the value to encode. The returned values are an array of bytes representing the JSON-encoded input (on success), and an error (on failure). decodedValue := []string{"foo", "bar"} ...

json.Unmarshal from the package "encoding/json" decodes a JSON value into the value pointed by the given variable. The parameters are the value to decode in []bytes and a variable to use as a storage for the de-serialized value. The returned value is an error (on failure). encodedValue :...

After following the instructions above and installing Leiningen, start a new project by running: lein new <project-name> This will setup a Clojure project with the default Leiningen template within the <project-name> folder. There are several templates for Leiningen, which affect the...

Given some default routing such as {controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?} if you had the url https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1558902 This would go to the QuestionsController and the value 1558902 would be mapped to an id parameter of an index action, i.e. public ActionResult Index(int? id){ ...

Often you'd be working with viewmodel classes in asp.net-mvc and would want to bind to properties on these. This works similar to mapping to individual parameters. Say you had a simple view model call PostViewModel like this public class PostViewModel{ public int Id {get;set;} public int Sn...

Functions in Common Lisp are first class values. An anonymous function can be created by using lambda. For example, here is a function of 3 arguments which we then call using funcall CL-USER> (lambda (a b c) (+ a (* b c))) #<FUNCTION (LAMBDA (A B C)) {10034F484B}> CL-USER> (defvar *fo...

Any symbol in Common Lisp has a slot for a variable to be bound and a separate slot for a function to be bound. Note that the naming in this example is only for illustration. Global variables should not be named foo, but *foo*. The latter notation is a convention to make it clear that the variable ...

Common Lisp contains many higher order functions which are passed functions for arguments and call them. Perhaps the most fundamental are funcall and apply: CL-USER> (list 1 2 3) (1 2 3) CL-USER> (funcall #'list 1 2 3) (1 2 3) CL-USER> (funcall #'list 1 2 3 4 5) (1 2 3 4 5) CL-USER&g...

Introduction In this minimalist example, using pytest we're going to test that indeed our Hello World app does return "Hello, World!" with an HTTP OK status code of 200, when hit with a GET request on the URL / First let's install pytest into our virtualenv pip install pytest And jus...

os.access is much better solution to check whether directory exists and it's accesable for reading and writing. import os path = "/home/myFiles/directory1" ## Check if path exists os.access(path, os.F_OK) ## Check if path is Readable os.access(path, os.R_OK) ## Check if path i...

Multiple transforms can be applied to an element in one property like this: transform: rotate(15deg) translateX(200px); This will rotate the element 15 degrees clockwise and then translate it 200px to the right. In chained transforms, the coordinate system moves with the element. This means tha...

With Git, you can (almost) always turn the clock back Don't be afraid to experiment with commands that rewrite history*. Git doesn't delete your commits for 90 days by default, and during that time you can easily recover them from the reflog: $ git reset @~3 # go back 3 commits $ git reflog c4...

Elements can be selected by jQuery using jQuery Selectors. The function returns either an element or a list of elements. Basic selectors $("*") // All elements $("div") // All <div> elements $(".blue") ...

The charset attribute specifies the character encoding for the HTML document and needs to be a valid character encoding (examples include windows-1252, ISO-8859-2, Shift_JIS, and UTF-8). UTF-8 (Unicode) is the most widely used and should be used for any new project. 5 <meta charset="UTF-8...

To refresh the page every five seconds, add this meta element in the head element: <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="5"> CAUTION! While this is a valid command, it is recommended that you do not use it because of its negative effects on user experience. Refreshing the...

git diff 1234abc..6789def # old new E.g.: Show the changes made in the last 3 commits: git diff @~3..@ # HEAD -3 HEAD Note: the two dots (..) is optional, but adds clarity. This will show the textual difference between the commits, regardless of where they are in the tree.