Tutorial by Examples: g

Say we are working on a class representing a Person by their first and last names. We have created a basic class to do this and implemented proper equals and hashCode methods. public class Person { private final String lastName; //invariant - nonnull private final String firstName; //in...

Variables can be assigned globally from any environment using <<-. bar() can now access y. bar <- function() { z <- x + y return(z) } foo <- function() { y <<- 3 z <- bar() return(z) } foo() 4 Global assignment is highly discourag...

Environments in R can be explicitly call and named. Variables can be explicitly assigned and call to or from those environments. A commonly created environment is one which encloses package:base or a subenvironment within package:base. e1 <- new.env(parent = baseenv()) e2 <- new.env(parent ...

Functions and objects in different packages may have the same name. The package loaded later will 'mask' the earlier package and a warning message will be printed. When calling the function by name, the function from the most recently loaded package will be run. The earlier function can be accessed ...

A package is made up of multiple Python files (or modules), and can even include libraries written in C or C++. Instead of being a single file, it is an entire folder structure which might look like this: Folder package __init__.py dog.py hi.py __init__.py from package.dog import woof fro...

In order to check whether a value is NaN, isnull() or notnull() functions can be used. In [1]: import numpy as np In [2]: import pandas as pd In [3]: ser = pd.Series([1, 2, np.nan, 4]) In [4]: pd.isnull(ser) Out[4]: 0 False 1 False 2 True 3 False dtype: bool Note that n...

The option -v followed by an assignment of the form variable=value can be used to pass parameters to an awk program. This is illustrated by the punishment program below, whose job is to write count times the sentence “I shall not talk in class.” on standard output. The following example uses the v...

ng-model-options allows to change the default behavior of ng-model, this directive allows to register events that will fire when the ng-model is updated and to attach a debounce effect. This directive accepts an expression that will evaluate to a definition object or a reference to a scope value. ...

// Returns the nth number in the Fibonacci sequence function fibonacci(n) { if (n === 1 || n === 0) { return 1; } else { return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2); } }

// Checks a string to see if it is a palindrome bool function IsPalindrome(string input) { if (input.size() <= 1) { return true; } else if (input[0] == input[input.size() - 1]) { return IsPalindrome(input.substr(1,input.size() - 2)); } else { r...

Custom events usually need custom event arguments containing information about the event. For example MouseEventArgs which is used by mouse events like MouseDown or MouseUp events, contains information about Location or Buttons which used to generate the event. When creating new events, to create a...

A cancelable event can be raised by a class when it is about to perform an action that can be canceled, such as the FormClosing event of a Form. To create such event: Create a new event arg deriving from CancelEventArgs and add additional properties for event data. Create an event using EventH...

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Download and install Visual Studio Community 2015 Open Visual Studio Community Click File -> New -> Project Click Templates -> Visual C++ -> Win32 Console Application and then name the project MyFirstProgram. Click Ok Click Next in the following window. Check the Empty proj...

In many instances, you will want to send data from the R server to the JS client. Here is a very simple example: library(shiny) runApp( list( ui = fluidPage( tags$script( "Shiny.addCustomMessageHandler('message', function(params) { alert(params); });" ), ...

Modern browsers provide a classList object to ease manipulation of the element's class attribute. Older browsers require direct manipulation of the element's className property. W3C DOM4 A simple method to add a class to an element is to append it to the end of the className property. This will no...

Thread.sleep causes the current thread to suspend execution for a specified period. This is an efficient means of making processor time available to the other threads of an application or other applications that might be running on a computer system. There are two overloaded sleep methods in the Thr...

To set a value in NSUserDefaults, you can use the following functions: Swift < 3 setBool(_:forKey:) setFloat(_:forKey:) setInteger(_:forKey:) setObject(_:forKey:) setDouble(_:forKey:) setURL(_:forKey:) Swift 3 In Swift 3 the names of function is changed to set insted of set folloed by ...

To get a value in NSUserDefaults you can use the following functions: Swift arrayForKey(_:) boolForKey(_:) dataForKey(_:) dictionaryForKey(_:) floatForKey(_:) integerForKey(_:) objectForKey(_:) stringArrayForKey(_:) stringForKey(_:) doubleForKey(_:) URLForKey(_:) Objective-C -(nullab...

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