Tutorial by Examples: lit

If you need to match characters that are a part of the regular expression syntax you can mark all or part of the pattern as a regex literal. \Q marks the beginning of the regex literal. \E marks the end of the regex literal. // the following throws a PatternSyntaxException because of the un-close...

Using subprocess.Popen give more fine-grained control over launched processes than subprocess.call. Launching a subprocess process = subprocess.Popen([r'C:\path\to\app.exe', 'arg1', '--flag', 'arg']) The signature for Popen is very similar to the call function; however, Popen will return immedi...

You can use curly braces to interpolate expressions into string literals: def f(x: String) = x + x val a = "A" s"${a}" // "A" s"${f(a)}" // "AA" Without the braces, scala would only interpolate the identifier after the $ (in this case f...

C++11 char *str = "hello world"; str[0] = 'H'; "hello world" is a string literal, so modifying it gives undefined behaviour. The initialisation of str in the above example was formally deprecated (scheduled for removal from a future version of the standard) in C++03. A num...

Immutable types are types that when changed create a new version of the object in memory, rather than changing the existing object in memory. The simplest example of this is the built-in string type. Taking the following code, that appends " world" onto the word "Hello" string ...

array_chunk() splits an array into chunks Let's say we've following single dimensional array, $input_array = array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'); Now using array_chunk() on above PHP array, $output_array = array_chunk($input_array, 2); Above code will make chunks of 2 array elements and create a...

Program units often make use of literal constants. These cover the obvious cases like print *, "Hello", 1, 1.0 Except in one case, each literal constant is a scalar which has type, type parameters and value given by the syntax. Integer literal constants are of the form 1 -1 -1_1 ...

The 0b prefix can be used to represent Binary literals. Binary literals allow constructing numbers from zeroes and ones, which makes seeing which bits are set in the binary representation of a number much easier. This can be useful for working with binary flags. The following are equivalent ways o...

In Kotlin you could write code like: val x: Path = Paths.get("dirName").apply { if (Files.notExists(this)) throw IllegalStateException("The important file does not exist") } But the use of apply is not that clear as to your intent. Sometimes it is clearer to create a ...

Sample Data: CREATE TABLE table_name ( id, list ) AS SELECT 1, 'a,b,c,d' FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- Multiple items in the list SELECT 2, 'e' FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- Single item in the list SELECT 3, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- NULL list SELECT 4, 'f,,g' FROM DUAL; -- NULL item...

PL/SQL Function: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION split_String( i_str IN VARCHAR2, i_delim IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT ',' ) RETURN SYS.ODCIVARCHAR2LIST DETERMINISTIC AS p_result SYS.ODCIVARCHAR2LIST := SYS.ODCIVARCHAR2LIST(); p_start NUMBER(5) := 1; p_end NUMBER(5); ...

Sample Data: CREATE TABLE table_name ( id, list ) AS SELECT 1, 'a,b,c,d' FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- Multiple items in the list SELECT 2, 'e' FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- Single item in the list SELECT 3, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- NULL list SELECT 4, 'f,,g' FROM DUAL; -- NULL item...

Sample Data: CREATE TABLE table_name ( id, list ) AS SELECT 1, 'a,b,c,d' FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- Multiple items in the list SELECT 2, 'e' FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- Single item in the list SELECT 3, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- NULL list SELECT 4, 'f,,g' FROM DUAL; -- NULL item...

There are three visibility types that you can apply to methods (class/object functions) and properties (class/object variables) within a class, which provide access control for the method or property to which they are applied. You can read extensively about these in the PHP Documentation for OOP Vi...

String literals imply no escaping or interpolation ( with the exception of quoting string terminators ) print 'This is a string literal\n'; # emits a literal \ and n to terminal print 'This literal contains a \'postraphe '; # emits the ' but not its preceding \ You can use alternative quoting...

In the Project.pro file we add : CONFIG += sql in MainWindow.h we write : #include <QMainWindow> #include <QSql> #include <QDebug> namespace Ui { class MainWindow; } class MainWindow : public QMainWindow { Q_OBJECT public: explicit MainWindow(QWidget...

In this code example, the char pointer p is initialized to the address of a string literal. Attempting to modify the string literal has undefined behavior. char *p = "hello world"; p[0] = 'H'; // Undefined behavior However, modifying a mutable array of char directly, or through a poin...

A hexadecimal number is a value in base-16. There are 16 digits, 0-9 and the letters A-F (case does not matter). A-F represent 10-16. An octal number is a value in base-8, and uses the digits 0-7. A binary number is a value in base-2, and uses the digits 0 and 1. All of these numbers result in ...

let strings = "bananas,apples,pear".split(","); split returns an iterator. for s in strings { println!("{}", s) } And can be "collected" in a Vec with the Iterator::collect method. let strings: Vec<&str> = "bananas,apples,pear"....

This validation restricts the insertion of only numeric values. class Player < ApplicationRecord validates :points, numericality: true validates :games_played, numericality: { only_integer: true } end Besides :only_integer, this helper also accepts the following options to add constrai...