Tutorial by Examples: r

Most, but not all, C++ implementations support the #pragma once directive which ensures the file is only included once within a single compilation. It is not part of any ISO C++ standard. For example: // Foo.h #pragma once class Foo { }; While #pragma once avoids some problems associated w...

Insertion sort is a very simple, stable, in-place sorting algorithm. It performs well on small sequences but it is much less efficient on large lists. At every step, the algorithms considers the i-th element of the given sequence, moving it to the left until it is in the correct position. Graphica...

.set-colors(@type) when (@type = error) { @base-color: #d9534f; background: @base-color; color: contrast(@base-color, lighten(@base-color, 25%), darken(@base-color, 25%)); border: 1px solid contrast(@base-color, lighten(@base-color, 25%), darken(@base-color, 25%)); } .set-colors(@type)...

There are two common ways to list all processes on a system. Both list all processes running by all users, though they differ in the format they output (the reason for the differences are historical). ps -ef # lists all processes ps aux # lists all processes in alternative format (BSD) Thi...

VariableDetails$* / $@Function/script positional parameters (arguments). Expand as follows:$* and $@ are the same as $1 $2 ... (note that it generally makes no sense to leave those unquoted)"$*" is the same as "$1 $2 ..." 1 "$@" is the same as "$1" "$2&qu...

An array containing the full version information split into elements, much more convenient than $BASH_VERSION if you're just looking for the major version: ~> $ for ((i=0; i<=5; i++)); do echo "BASH_VERSINFO[$i] = ${BASH_VERSINFO[$i]}"; done BASH_VERSINFO[0] = 3 BASH_VERSINFO[1] =...

Shows the version of bash that is running, this allows you to decide whether you can use any advanced features: ~> $ echo $BASH_VERSION 4.1.2(1)-release

The default editor that will be involked by any scripts or programs, usually vi or emacs. ~> $ echo $EDITOR vi

An array containing the numbers of groups the user is in: #!/usr/bin/env bash echo You are assigned to the following groups: for group in ${GROUPS[@]}; do IFS=: read -r name dummy number members < <(getent group $group ) printf "name: %-10s number: %-15s members: %s\n" &qu...

LINQ provides a built-in function for checking the equality of two IEnumerables, and that function can be used on arrays. The SequenceEqual function will return true if the arrays have the same length and the values in corresponding indices are equal, and false otherwise. int[] arr1 = { 3, 5, 7 };...

Decorator is one of structural design patterns. It is used to add, remove or change behaviour of object. This document will teach you how to use Decorator DP properly. Let me explain the idea of it to you on a simple example. Imagine you're now in Starbobs, famous coffee company. You can place an o...

ssh -p 21 [email protected] <<EOF echo 'printing pwd' echo "\$(pwd)" ls -a find '*.txt' EOF $ is escaped because we do not want it to be expanded by the current shell i.e $(pwd) is to be executed on the remote shell. Another way: ssh -p 21 [email protected] <...

sudo -s <<EOF a='var' echo 'Running serveral commands with sudo' mktemp -d echo "\$a" EOF $a needs to be escaped to prevent it to be expanded by the current shell Or sudo -s <<'EOF' a='var' echo 'Running serveral commands with sudo' mktemp -d e...

Detailed instructions on getting google-bigquery set up or installed.

Inside your layout, add a Login button with the following code: <com.twitter.sdk.android.core.identity.TwitterLoginButton android:id="@+id/twitter_login_button" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" and...

The class use Phalcon\Validation\Validator; use Phalcon\Validation\ValidatorInterface; use Phalcon\Validation\Message; class RecaptchaValidator extends Validator implements ValidatorInterface { public function validate(\Phalcon\Validation $validation, $attribute) { $value =...

Things you need A paid Apple Developer Program Membership A valid App ID and identifier for you app (like com.example.MyApp) which is not used before anywhere Access to developer.apple.com and Member Center An iOS Device to test (as Push Notifications don't work on Simulator) Enabling t...

Registers: 8 bit: A, B, C, D, E, H, L, F, I, R, 16 bit: SP, PC, IX, IY, and shadows of some 8b registers: A', B', C', D', E', H', L' and F'. Most of the 8 bit registers can be used also in pairs as 16 bit registers: AF, BC, DE and HL. SP is stack pointer, marking the bottom of stack memory (used b...

You can find description of the driver here. The quick example is: import psycopg2 db_host = 'postgres.server.com' db_port = '5432' db_un = 'user' db_pw = 'password' db_name = 'testdb' conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname={} host={} user={} password={}".format( ...

An extremely simple tool for installing PostgreSQL on a Mac is available by downloading Postgres.app. You can change preferences to have PostgreSQL run in the background or only when the application is running.