Tutorial by Examples: destruct

Pull properties from an object passed into a function. This pattern simulates named parameters instead of relying on argument position. let user = { name: 'Jill', age: 33, profession: 'Pilot' } function greeting ({name, profession}) { console.log(`Hello, ${name} the ${pr...

fn main() { let maybe_cake = Some("Chocolate cake"); let not_cake = None; // The unwrap method retrieves the value from the Option // and panics if the value is None println!("{}", maybe_cake.unwrap()); // The expect method works much like the un...

__construct() is the most common magic method in PHP, because it is used to set up a class when it is initialized. The opposite of the __construct() method is the __destruct() method. This method is called when there are no more references to an object that you created or when you force its deletion...

Avoid destructive operations on quoted objects. Quoted objects are literal objects. They are possibly embedded in the code in some way. How this works and the effects of modifications are unspecified in the Common Lisp standard, but it can have unwanted consequences like modifying shared data, tryin...

Destructuring allows us to refer to one key in an object, but declare it as a variable with a different name. The syntax looks like the key-value syntax for a normal JavaScript object. let user = { name: 'John Smith', id: 10, email: '[email protected]', }; let {user: userName, id: us...

A class designed to be inherited-from is called a Base class. Care should be taken with the special member functions of such a class. A class designed to be used polymorphically at run-time (through a pointer to the base class) should declare the destructor virtual. This allows the derived parts of...

const myArr = ['one', 'two', 'three'] const [ a, b, c ] = myArr // a = 'one', b = 'two, c = 'three' We can set default value in destructuring array, see the example of Default Value While Destructuring. With destructuring array, we can swap the values of 2 variables easily: var a = 1; var ...

Destructuring is a convenient way to extract properties from objects into variables. Basic syntax: let person = { name: 'Bob', age: 25 }; let { name, age } = person; // Is equivalent to let name = person.name; // 'Bob' let age = person.age; // 25 Destructuring and renaming: le...

Here's how you can destructure a vector: (def my-vec [1 2 3]) Then, for example within a let block, you can extract values from the vector very succinctly as follows: (let [[x y] my-vec] (println "first element:" x ", second element: " y)) ;; first element: 1 , second ele...

Here's how you can destructure a map: (def my-map {:a 1 :b 2 :c 3}) Then, for example, within a let block you can extract values from the map very succinctly as follows: (let [{x :a y :c} my-map] (println ":a val:" x ", :c val: " y)) ;; :a val: 1 , :c val: 3 Notice th...

Let's say you have a vector like so: (def my-vec [1 2 3 4 5 6]) And you want to extract the first 3 elements and get the remaining elements as a sequence. This can be done as follows: (let [[x y z & remaining] my-vec] (println "first:" x ", second:" y "third:&quot...

6 An array can be destructured when being assigned to a new variable. const triangle = [3, 4, 5]; const [length, height, hypotenuse] = triangle; length === 3; // → true height === 4; // → true hypotneuse === 5; // → true Elements can be skipped const [,b,,c] = [1, 2, 3, 4]; co...

You can destructure nested vectors: (def my-vec [[1 2] [3 4]]) (let [[[a b][c d]] my-vec] (println a b c d)) ;; 1 2 3 4

struct A { ~A() noexcept(false) try { // destructor body } catch (...) { // exceptions of destructor body are caught here // if no exception is thrown here // then the caught exception is re-thrown. } }; Note that, although this...

Sometimes you want to destructure key under a map which might not be present in the map, but you want a default value for the destructured value. You can do that this way: (def my-map {:a 3 :b 4}) (let [{a :a b :b :keys [c d] :or {a 1 c 2}} my-map] (println ...

Destructurling works in many places, as well as in the param list of an fn: (defn my-func [[_ a b]] (+ a b)) (my-func [1 2 3]) ;= 5 (my-func (range 5)) ;= 3 Destructuring also works for the & rest construct in the param list: (defn my-func2 [& [_ a b]] (+ a b)) (my-func2 1 ...

We can destructure lists of compound objects CL-USER> (loop for (a . b) in '((1 . 2) (3 . 4) (5 . 6)) collect a) (1 3 5) CL-USER> (loop for (a . b) in '((1 . 2) (3 . 4) (5 . 6)) collect b) (2 4 6) CL-USER> (loop for (a b c) in '((1 2 3) (4 5 6) (7 8 9) (10 11 12)) collect b) (2 5 8 11...

Aside from destructuring objects into function arguments, you can use them inside variable declarations as follows: const person = { name: 'John Doe', age: 45, location: 'Paris, France', }; let { name, age, location } = person; console.log('I am ' + name + ', aged ' + age + ' and li...

We often encounter a situation where a property we're trying to extract doesn't exist in the object/array, resulting in a TypeError (while destructuring nested objects) or being set to undefined. While destructuring we can set a default value, which it will fallback to, in case of it not being found...

We are not limited to destructuring an object/array, we can destructure a nested object/array. Nested Object Destructuring var obj = { a: { c: 1, d: 3 }, b: 2 }; var { a: { c: x, d: y }, b: z } = obj; console.log(x, y, z); // 1,3,2 Nested Array ...