PHP Streams

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Syntax

  • Every stream has a scheme and a target:
  • <scheme>://<target>

Parameters

Parameter NameDescription
Stream ResourceThe data provider consisting of the <scheme>://<target> syntax

Remarks

Streams are essentially a transfer of data between an origin and a destination, to paraphrase Josh Lockhart in his book Modern PHP.

The origin and the destination can be

  • a file
  • a command-line process
  • a network connection
  • a ZIP or TAR archive
  • temporary memory
  • standard input/output

or any other resource available via PHP's stream wrappers.

Examples of available stream wrappers (schemes):

  • file:// — Accessing local filesystem
  • http:// — Accessing HTTP(s) URLs
  • ftp:// — Accessing FTP(s) URLs
  • php:// — Accessing various I/O streams
  • phar:// — PHP Archive
  • ssh2:// — Secure Shell 2
  • ogg:// — Audio streams

The scheme (origin) is the identifier of the stream's wrapper. For example, for the file system this is file://. The target is the stream's data source, for example the file name.



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