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public class Foo { private IBar _iBar; public IBar iBar { set { _iBar = value; } } public void DoStuff() { _iBar.DoSomething(); } } public interface IBar { void DoSomething(); }

public class Foo { private readonly IBar _iBar; public Foo(IBar iBar) { _iBar = iBar; } public void DoStuff() { _bar.DoSomething(); } } public interface IBar { void DoSomething(); }

We will model the process #Load the forecast package library(forecast) #Generate an AR1 process of length n (from Cowpertwait & Meltcalfe) # Set up variables set.seed(1234) n <- 1000 x <- matrix(0,1000,1) w <- rnorm(n) # loop to create x for (t in 2:n) x[t] <- 0.7...

Color state lists can be used as colors, but will change depending on the state of the view they are used for. To define one, create a resource file in res/color/foo.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/ap...

import pandas as pd import numpy as np np.random.seed(123) x = np.random.standard_normal(4) y = range(4) df = pd.DataFrame({'X':x, 'Y':y}) >>> df X Y 0 -1.085631 0 1 0.997345 1 2 0.282978 2 3 -1.506295 3

By default, all types in TypeScript allow null: function getId(x: Element) { return x.id; } getId(null); // TypeScript does not complain, but this is a runtime error. TypeScript 2.0 adds support for strict null checks. If you set --strictNullChecks when running tsc (or set this flag in you...

val num = 42d Print two decimal places for num using f println(f"$num%2.2f") 42.00 Print num using scientific notation using e println(f"$num%e") 4.200000e+01 Print num in hexadecimal with a println(f"$num%a") 0x1.5p5 Other format strings can be found ...

If you would like to test a line of macro code without needing to run an entire sub, you can type commands directly into the Immediate Window and hit ENTER to run the line. For testing the output of a line, you can precede it with a question mark ? to print directly to the Immediate Window. Altern...

if ([object respondsToSelector:@selector(someOptionalMethodInProtocol:)]) { [object someOptionalMethodInProtocol:argument]; }

Move Blue to the beginning of the array: NSMutableArray *myColors = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects: @"Red", @"Green", @"Blue", @"Yellow", nil]; NSUInteger fromIndex = 2; NSUInteger toIndex = 0; id blue = [[[self.array objectAtIndex:fromIndex] retain]...

Deleting files The unlink function deletes a single file and returns whether the operation was successful. $filename = '/path/to/file.txt'; if (file_exists($filename)) { $success = unlink($filename); if (!$success) { throw new Exception("Cannot delete $filename&qu...

for typescript 2.x: definitions from DefinitelyTyped are available via @types npm package npm i --save lodash npm i --save-dev @types/lodash but in case if you want use types from other repos then can be used old way: for typescript 1.x: Typings is an npm package that can automatically insta...

You can use the filter(_:) method on SequenceType in order to create a new array containing the elements of the sequence that satisfy a given predicate, which can be provided as a closure. For example, filtering even numbers from an [Int]: let numbers = [22, 41, 23, 30] let evenNumbers = number...

Any data structure that supports __getitem__ can have their nested structure formatted: person = {'first': 'Arthur', 'last': 'Dent'} '{p[first]} {p[last]}'.format(p=person) # 'Arthur Dent' Object attributes can be accessed using getattr(): class Person(object): first = 'Zaphod' la...

Lambda functions in C++ are syntactic sugar that provide a very concise syntax for writing functors. As such, equivalent functionality can be obtained in C++03 (albeit much more verbose) by converting the lambda function into a functor: // Some dummy types: struct T1 {int dummy;}; struct T2 {int ...

There are two main versions of IntelliJ IDEA: the Community edition and the Ultimate edition. The Community edition is free and is not lacking for features in terms of Java SE development. Windows & Linux Download IntelliJ IDEA from the JetBrains website, and follow installation procedures. If...

There are a couple of ways to delete a column in a DataFrame. import numpy as np import pandas as pd np.random.seed(0) pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(5, 6), columns=list('ABCDEF')) print(df) # Output: # A B C D E F # 0 -0.895467 0.386902...

This example assumes you know how to test a Flask app using pytest Below is an API that takes a JSON input with integer values a and b e.g. {"a": 1, "b": 2}, adds them up and returns sum a + b in a JSON response e.g. {"sum": 3}. # hello_add.py from flask import Flask...

Due to Node's asynchronous nature, creating or using a directory by first: checking for its existence with fs.stat(), then creating or using it depending of the results of the existence check, can lead to a race condition if the folder is created between the time of the check and the time of ...

In Android, a Toast is a simple UI element that can be used to give contextual feedback to a user. To display a simple Toast message, we can do the following. // Declare the parameters to use for the Toast Context context = getApplicationContext(); // in an Activity, you may also use "th...