Tutorial by Examples: u

An immutable object is an object whose state cannot be changed. An immutable class is a class whose instances are immutable by design, and implementation. The Java class which is most commonly presented as an example of immutability is java.lang.String. The following is a stereotypical example: ...

The double-colon syntax of names in the use statement looks similar to names used elsewhere in the code, but meaning of these paths is different. Names in the use statement by default are interpreted as absolute, starting at the crate root. Names elsewhere in the code are relative to the current mo...

Assuming you have this YAML locale file: # config/locales/en.yml en: header: title: "My header title" and you want to display your title string, you can do this # in ERB files <%= t('header.title') %> # in SLIM files = t('header.title')

You can pass parameters to I18n t method: # Example config/locales/en.yml en: page: users: "%{users_count} users currently online" # In models, controller, etc... I18n.t('page.users', users_count: 12) # In views # ERB <%= t('page.users', users_count: 12) %> #S...

You can let I18n handle pluralization for you, just use count argument. You need to set up your locale file like this: # config/locales/en.yml en: online_users: one: "1 user is online" other: "%{count} users are online" And then use the key you just created by ...

In most cases, you may want to set I18n locale. One might want to set the locale for the current session, the current user, or based on a URL parameter This is easily achievable by implementing a before_action in one of your controllers, or in ApplicationController to have it in all of your controll...

Anonymous methods provide a technique to pass a code block as a delegate parameter. They are methods with a body, but no name. delegate int IntOp(int lhs, int rhs); class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // C# 2.0 definition IntOp add = delegate(int lhs,...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <Employees> <Employee> <EmpId>1</EmpId> <Name>Sam</Name> <Sex>Male</Sex> <Phone Type="Home">423-555-0124</Phone> <Phone Type="Work&quot...

Like JavaScript, numbers are floating point values. let pi: number = 3.14; // base 10 decimal by default let hexadecimal: number = 0xFF; // 255 in decimal ECMAScript 2015 allows binary and octal. let binary: number = 0b10; // 2 in decimal let octal: number = 0o755; // 493 in de...

A type to name a set of numeric values: Number values default to 0: enum Day { Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday }; let bestDay: Day = Day.Saturday; Set a default starting number: enum TenPlus { Ten = 10, Eleven, Twelve } or assign values: enum MyOddSet { Thre...

Array type with known and possibly different types: let day: [number, string]; day = [0, 'Monday']; // valid day = ['zero', 'Monday']; // invalid: 'zero' is not numeric console.log(day[0]); // 0 console.log(day[1]); // Monday day[2] = 'Saturday'; // valid: [0, 'Saturday'] day[3] = fals...

Number formatting, grouping digits according to the localization. const usNumberFormat = new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US'); const esNumberFormat = new Intl.NumberFormat('es-ES'); const usNumber = usNumberFormat.format(99999999.99); // "99,999,999.99" const esNumber = esNumberFormat.form...

Currency formatting, grouping digits and placing the currency symbol according to the localization. const usCurrencyFormat = new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', {style: 'currency', currency: 'USD'}) const esCurrencyFormat = new Intl.NumberFormat('es-ES', {style: 'currency', currency: 'EUR'}) const u...

To convert decimal number to binary format use base 2 Int32 Number = 15; Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(Number, 2)); //OUTPUT : 1111 To convert decimal number to octal format use base 8 int Number = 15; Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(Number, 8)); //OUTPUT : 17 To conv...

Specially useful for has_and_belongs_to_many relation, you can manually create a join table using the create_table method. Suppose you have two models Tags and Proyects, and you'd like to associate them using a has_and_belongs_to_many relation. You need a join table to associate instances of both c...

A GridLayout is a layout manager which places components inside a grid with equal cell sizes. You can set the number of rows, columns, the horizontal gap and the vertical gap using the following methods: setRows(int rows) setColumns(int columns) setHgap(int hgap) setVgap(int vgap) or you ca...

{foo: 'bar', biz: 'baz'}.keys # => [:foo, :biz] {foo: 'bar', biz: 'baz'}.values # => ["bar", "baz"] {foo: 'bar', biz: 'baz'}.to_a # => [[:foo, "bar"], [:biz, "baz"]] {foo: 'bar', biz: 'baz'}.each #<Enumerator: {:foo=>"bar", :b...

The query function takes a valid SQL string and executes it directly against the database connection $conn Object oriented style $result = $conn->query("SELECT * FROM `people`"); Procedural style $result = mysqli_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM `people`"); CAUTION A ...

PHP makes it easy to get data from your results and loop over it using a while statement. When it fails to get the next row, it returns false, and your loop ends. These examples work with mysqli_fetch_assoc - Associative array with column names as keys mysqli_fetch_object - stdClass object with ...

Occasionally you may want to use the same tuple type in multiple places throughout your code. This can quickly get messy, especially if your tuple is complex: // Define a circle tuple by its center point and radius let unitCircle: (center: (x: CGFloat, y: CGFloat), radius: CGFloat) = ((0.0, 0.0), ...