Tutorial by Examples: e

public class Email { public string To { get; set; } public string From { get; set; } public string Subject { get; set; } public string Body { get; set; } } public class EmailBuilder { private readonly Email _email; public EmailBuilder() { _email = ...

git commit -m 'Fix UI bug' --date 2016-07-01 The --date parameter sets the author date. This date will appear in the standard output of git log, for example. To force the commit date too: GIT_COMMITTER_DATE=2016-07-01 git commit -m 'Fix UI bug' --date 2016-07-01 The date parameter accepts t...

To set up a controller with user authentication using devise, add this before_action: (assuming your devise model is 'User'): before_action :authenticate_user! To verify if a user is signed in, use the following helper: user_signed_in? For the current signed-in user, use this helper: current_us...

6 An array can be destructured when being assigned to a new variable. const triangle = [3, 4, 5]; const [length, height, hypotenuse] = triangle; length === 3; // → true height === 4; // → true hypotneuse === 5; // → true Elements can be skipped const [,b,,c] = [1, 2, 3, 4]; co...

This design pattern is useful for generating a sequence of asynchronous actions from a list of elements. There are two variants : the "then" reduction, which builds a chain that continues as long as the chain experiences success. the "catch" reduction, which builds a chain t...

There is also a way to have a single method accept a covariant argument, instead of having the whole trait covariant. This may be necessary because you would like to use T in a contravariant position, but still have it covariant. trait LocalVariance[T]{ /// ??? throws a NotImplementedError de...

Bitwise operators perform operations on bit values of data. These operators convert operands to signed 32-bit integers in two's complement. Conversion to 32-bit integers Numbers with more than 32 bits discard their most significant bits. For example, the following integer with more than 32 bits i...

int *ptr = nullptr; *ptr = 1; // Undefined behavior This is undefined behavior, because a null pointer does not point to any valid object, so there is no object at *ptr to write to. Although this most often causes a segmentation fault, it is undefined and anything can happen.

Omitting the return statement in a function which is has a return type that is not void is undefined behavior. int function() { // Missing return statement } int main() { function(); //Undefined Behavior } Most modern day compilers emit a warning at compile time for this kind o...

C++11 char *str = "hello world"; str[0] = 'H'; "hello world" is a string literal, so modifying it gives undefined behaviour. The initialisation of str in the above example was formally deprecated (scheduled for removal from a future version of the standard) in C++03. A num...

Events that work with most form elements (e.g., change, keydown, keyup, keypress) do not work with contenteditable. Instead, you can listen to changes of contenteditable contents with the input event. Assuming contenteditableHtmlElement is a JS DOM object that is contenteditable: contenteditableH...

It is best practice in any programming language to avoid premature optimization. However, if testing reveals that your code is running too slowly, you may gain some speed by switching off some of the application’s properties while it runs. Add this code to a standard module: Public Sub SpeedUp( _ ...

with pd.ExcelFile('path_to_file.xls) as xl: d = {sheet_name: xl.parse(sheet_name) for sheet_name in xl.sheet_names}

pd.read_excel('path_to_file.xls', sheetname='Sheet1') There are many parsing options for read_excel (similar to the options in read_csv. pd.read_excel('path_to_file.xls', sheetname='Sheet1', header=[0, 1, 2], skiprows=3, index_col=0) # etc.

%{username: username} = %{username: "John Doe", id: 1} # username == "John Doe" %{username: username, id: 2} = %{username: "John Doe", id: 1} ** (MatchError) no match of right hand side value: %{id: 1, username: "John Doe"}

To rename a folder from oldName to newName git mv directoryToFolder/oldName directoryToFolder/newName Followed by git commit and/or git push If this error occurs: fatal: renaming 'directoryToFolder/oldName' failed: Invalid argument Use the following command: git mv directoryToFolder/oldN...

// A simple adder function defined as a lambda expression. // Unlike with regular functions, parameter types often may be omitted because the // compiler can infer their types let adder = |a, b| a + b; // Lambdas can span across multiple lines, like normal functions. let multiplier = |a: i32, ...

Unlike regular functions, lambda expressions can capture their environments. Such lambdas are called closures. // variable definition outside the lambda expression... let lucky_number: usize = 663; // but the our function can access it anyway, thanks to the closures let print_lucky_number = ...

// lambda expressions can have explicitly annotated return types let floor_func = |x: f64| -> i64 { x.floor() as i64 };

Returning lambdas (or closures) from functions can be tricky because they implement traits and thus their exact size is rarely known. // Box in the return type moves the function from the stack to the heap fn curried_adder(a: i32) -> Box<Fn(i32) -> i32> { // 'move' applies move se...