Tutorial by Examples: ti

Get current time: Time.now Time.new # is equivalent if used with no parameters Get specific time: Time.new(2010, 3, 10) #10 March 2010 (Midnight) Time.new(2015, 5, 3, 10, 14) #10:14 AM on 3 May 2015 Time.new(2050, "May", 3, 21, 8, 16, "+10:00") #09:08:16 PM on 3 May 2050...

Though the transaction class method is called on some ActiveRecord class, the objects within the transaction block need not all be instances of that class. This is because transactions are per-database connection, not per-model. In this example a balance record is transactionally saved even though ...

A transaction acts on a single database connection. If you have multiple class-specific databases, the transaction will not protect interaction among them. One workaround is to begin a transaction on each class whose models you alter: Student.transaction do Course.transaction do course.enro...

Both #save and #destroy come wrapped in a transaction that ensures that whatever you do in validations or callbacks will happen under its protected cover. So you can use validations to check for values that the transaction depends on or you can raise exceptions in the callbacks to rollback, includin...

ActiveRecord::Base.transaction uses the ActiveRecord::Rollback exception to distinguish a deliberate rollback from other exceptional situations. Normally, raising an exception will cause the .transaction method to rollback the database transaction and pass on the exception. But if you raise an Activ...

Built-in functionals: lapply(), sapply(), and mapply() R comes with built-in functionals, of which perhaps the most well-known are the apply family of functions. Here is a description of some of the most common apply functions: lapply() = takes a list as an argument and applies the specified ...

User-defined functionals Users can create their own functionals to varying degrees of complexity. The following examples are from Functionals by Hadley Wickham: randomise <- function(f) f(runif(1e3)) lapply2 <- function(x, f, ...) { out <- vector("list", length(x...

Nesting is probably most often used to create more specific selectors, but it can also be used simply for code organization. Using the @at-root directive, you can ‘jump out’ of where you nest it in your Sass, bringing you back at the top level. Doing this allows you to keep styles grouped without cr...

infixl vs infixr vs infix describe on which sides the parens will be grouped. For example, consider the following fixity declarations (in base) infixl 6 - infixr 5 : infix 4 == The infixl tells us that - has left associativity, which means that 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 gets parsed as ((1 - 2) - 3) - 4 ...

In Sinatra, routing is how your app responds to requests, by the path of the request (e.g. /welcome) and by the HTTP verb used (e.g. GET or POST). The way a request is written is as follows: <http-verb> <path> do <code block to execute when this route is requested> end He...

To print a test field (TestField) from a test feature class (TestFC) in a test file geodatabase (Test.gdb) located in a temporary folder (C:\Temp): with arcpy.da.SearchCursor(r"C:\Temp\Test.gdb\TestFC",["TestField"]) as cursor: for row in cursor: print row[0]

long fib(long n) { return n < 2 ? n : fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2); } struct FibStruct(int n) { // Remarks: n is a template ubyte[fib(n)] data; } void main() { import std.stdio : writeln; enum f10 = fib(10); // execute the function at compile-time pragma(msg, f10); /...

class Lion { private double weight; // only accessible with-in class this(double weight) { this.weight = weight; } double weightInPounds() const @property // const guarantees no modifications // @property functions are treated as fields { ret...

void main() { import std.stdio : writeln; int[] arr = [1, 3, 4, 5]; foreach (i, el; arr) { if (i == 0) continue; // continue with the next iteration arr[i] *= 2; if (i == 2) break; // stop the loop iteration } writel...

If an arithmetic operation that yields a floating point type produces a value that is not in the range of representable values of the result type, the behavior is undefined according to the C++ standard, but may be defined by other standards the machine might conform to, such as IEEE 754. float x =...

When either a signed or unsigned integer is converted to a signed integer type, and its value is not representable in the destination type, the value produced is implementation-defined. Example: // Suppose that on this implementation, the range of signed char is -128 to +127 and // the range of un...

infixr 5 ++ infixl 4 <*>, <*, *>, <**> infixl 8 `shift`, `rotate`, `shiftL`, `shiftR`, `rotateL`, `rotateR` infix 4 ==, /=, <, <=, >=, > infix ??

Sometimes in a development or testing environment, the SSL certificate chain might not have been fully established (yet). To continue developing and testing, you can turn off SSL verification programmatically by installing an "all-trusting" trust manager: try { // Create a trust mana...

Config values can be set in three ways: Via private static variables on any class within a SilverStripe project Via yaml config files (stored in module-folder/_config/[file].yml) Via PHP at run time (Config::inst()->update('Director', 'environment_type', 'dev') Generally it's best to se...

Download Use Firebird site to download the correct "server package" for your system. First, select the version of Firebird that you would like to install. Next, select the appropriated installer for your system. Example, for almost any version of Windows 32 bits, you would select under ...