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C is a general-purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations. By design, C provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions, and ther...

Scala is a modern multi-paradigm programming language designed to express common programming patterns in a concise, elegant, and type-safe way. It smoothly integrates features of object-oriented and functional languages. Most given examples require a working Scala installation. This is the Scala ...

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is an XML-compliant system of annotating documents with 'tags'. It is used specifically to create content for web pages and web applications, which can then be shared over a network. Apart from text, the current version of HTML supports many different types of me...

Git is a free, distributed version control system which allows programmers to keep track of code changes, via "snapshots" (commits), in its current state. Utilizing commits allows programmers to test, debug, and create new features collaboratively. All commits are kept in what is known a...

Conditional expressions, involving keywords such as if and else, provide JavaScript programs with the ability to perform different actions depending on a Boolean condition: true or false. This section covers the use of JavaScript conditionals, Boolean logic, and ternary statements. if (conditi...

NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(jsonData, options: NSJSONReadingOptions) // Returns an Object from jsonData. This method throws on failure. NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(jsonObject, options: NSJSONWritingOptions) // Returns NSData from a JSON object. Pass in NSJSONWritingOptions....

Like structs and unlike classes, enums are value types and are copied instead of referenced when passed around. For more information about enums, see The Swift Programming Language.

Ruby on Rails (RoR), or Rails, is an open-source popular web application framework. Rails uses Ruby, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create a web application that runs on a web server. Rails uses the model-view-controller (MVC) pattern and provides a fullstack of libraries from the database all t...

HTML provides not only plain paragraph tags, but six separate header tags to indicate headings of various sizes and thicknesses. Enumerated as heading 1 through heading 6, heading 1 has the largest and thickest text while heading 6 is the smallest and thinnest, down to the paragraph level. This topi...

Functions in Python provide organized, reusable and modular code to perform a set of specific actions. Functions simplify the coding process, prevent redundant logic, and make the code easier to follow. This topic describes the declaration and utilization of functions in Python. Python has many bui...

VersionReleaseRelease Date1.01984-01-0121986-01-0131987-01-013.51990-01-0141992-01-014.2c1994-01-015.0Volume 81996-12-015.1Volume 91997-05-015.1.1R9.11997-05-025.2R101998-03-015.2.1R10.11998-03-025.3R111999-01-015.3.1R11.11999-11-016.0R122000-11-016.1R12.12001-06-016.5R132002-06-016.5.1R13SP22003...

This is a set of examples highlighting basic usage of SQL Server. VersionRelease DateSQL Server 20162016-06-01SQL Server 20142014-03-18SQL Server 20122011-10-11SQL Server 2008 R22010-04-01SQL Server 20082008-08-06SQL Server 20052005-11-01SQL Server 20002000-11-01

random.seed(a=None, version=2) (version is only avaiable for python 3.x) random.getstate() random.setstate(state) random.randint(a, b) random.randrange(stop) random.randrange(start, stop, step=1) random.choice(seq) random.shuffle(x, random=random.random) random.sample(population, k) ...

git log [options] [revision range] [[--] path...] Parameter          Explanation-q, --quietQuiet, suppresses diff output--sourceShows source of commit--use-mailmapUse mail map file (changes user info for committing user)--decorate[=...]Decorate options--L <n,m:file>Show log for specif...

let regex = /pattern/[flags] let regex = new RegExp('pattern', [flags]) let ismatch = regex.test('text') let results = regex.exec('text') FlagsDetailsgglobal. All matches (don't return on the first match).mmulti-line. Causes ^ & $ to match the begin/end of each line (not only begin/e...

git remote [-v | --verbose] git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--[no-]tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url> git remote rename <old> <new> git remote remove <name> git remote set-head <name> (-a | --auto | -d | --delete | ...

It's worth noting that staging has little to do with 'files' themselves and everything to do with the changes within each given file. We stage files that contain changes, and git tracks the changes as commits (even when the changes in a commit are made across several files). The distinction betwe...

This topic illustrates how to avoid adding unwanted files (or file changes) in a Git repo. There are several ways (global or local .gitignore, .git/exclude, git update-index --assume-unchanged, and git update-index --skip-tree), but keep in mind Git is managing content, which means: ignoring actuall...

“ An optional value either contains a value or contains nil to indicate that a value is missing” Excerpt From: Apple Inc. “The Swift Programming Language (Swift 3.1 Edition).” iBooks. https://itun.es/us/k5SW7.l Basic optional use cases include: for a constant (let), use of an optional within a loo...