Tutorial by Topics: s

When using boolean coercion, the following values are considered "falsy": false 0 "" (empty string) null undefined NaN (not a number, e.g. 0/0) document.all¹ (browser context) Everything else is considered "truthy". ¹ willful violation of the ECMAScript ...

The Python List is a general data structure widely used in Python programs. They are found in other languages, often referred to as dynamic arrays. They are both mutable and a sequence data type that allows them to be indexed and sliced. The list can contain different types of objects, including oth...

jQuery is a JavaScript library which simplifies DOM operations, event handling, AJAX, and animations. It also takes care of many browser compatibility issues in underlying DOM and javascript engines. Each version of jQuery can be downloaded from https://code.jquery.com/jquery/ in both compressed ...

C is a general-purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations. By design, C provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions, and ther...

Scala is a modern multi-paradigm programming language designed to express common programming patterns in a concise, elegant, and type-safe way. It smoothly integrates features of object-oriented and functional languages. Most given examples require a working Scala installation. This is the Scala ...

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is an XML-compliant system of annotating documents with 'tags'. It is used specifically to create content for web pages and web applications, which can then be shared over a network. Apart from text, the current version of HTML supports many different types of me...

Git is a free, distributed version control system which allows programmers to keep track of code changes, via "snapshots" (commits), in its current state. Utilizing commits allows programmers to test, debug, and create new features collaboratively. All commits are kept in what is known a...

Conditional expressions, involving keywords such as if and else, provide JavaScript programs with the ability to perform different actions depending on a Boolean condition: true or false. This section covers the use of JavaScript conditionals, Boolean logic, and ternary statements. if (conditi...

The SELECT statement is at the heart of most SQL queries. It defines what result set should be returned by the query, and is almost always used in conjunction with the FROM clause, which defines what part(s) of the database should be queried. SELECT [DISTINCT] [column1] [, [column2] ... ] F...

NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(jsonData, options: NSJSONReadingOptions) // Returns an Object from jsonData. This method throws on failure. NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(jsonObject, options: NSJSONWritingOptions) // Returns NSData from a JSON object. Pass in NSJSONWritingOptions....

Like structs and unlike classes, enums are value types and are copied instead of referenced when passed around. For more information about enums, see The Swift Programming Language.

Ruby on Rails (RoR), or Rails, is an open-source popular web application framework. Rails uses Ruby, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create a web application that runs on a web server. Rails uses the model-view-controller (MVC) pattern and provides a fullstack of libraries from the database all t...

HTML provides not only plain paragraph tags, but six separate header tags to indicate headings of various sizes and thicknesses. Enumerated as heading 1 through heading 6, heading 1 has the largest and thickest text while heading 6 is the smallest and thinnest, down to the paragraph level. This topi...

for (initialization; condition; final_expression) { } for (key in object) { } for (variable of iterable) { } while (condition) { } do { } while (condition) for each (variable in object) { } // ECMAScript for XML Loops in JavaScript typically help solve problems which involve repeating ...

Functions in Python provide organized, reusable and modular code to perform a set of specific actions. Functions simplify the coding process, prevent redundant logic, and make the code easier to follow. This topic describes the declaration and utilization of functions in Python. Python has many bui...

Decorator functions are software design patterns. They dynamically alter the functionality of a function, method, or class without having to directly use subclasses or change the source code of the decorated function. When used correctly, decorators can become powerful tools in the development proce...

new Promise( /* executor function: */ function(resolve, reject) { }) promise.then(onFulfilled[, onRejected]) promise.catch(onRejected) Promise.resolve(resolution) Promise.reject(reason) Promise.all(iterable) Promise.race(iterable) Promises are part of the ECMAScript 2015 specificatio...

VersionReleaseRelease Date1.01984-01-0121986-01-0131987-01-013.51990-01-0141992-01-014.2c1994-01-015.0Volume 81996-12-015.1Volume 91997-05-015.1.1R9.11997-05-025.2R101998-03-015.2.1R10.11998-03-025.3R111999-01-015.3.1R11.11999-11-016.0R122000-11-016.1R12.12001-06-016.5R132002-06-016.5.1R13SP22003...