Rust Structures Defining structures
Example
Structures in Rust are defined using the struct keyword. The most common form of structure consists of a set of named fields:
struct Foo {
my_bool: bool,
my_num: isize,
my_string: String,
}
The above declares a struct with three fields: my_bool, my_num, and my_string, of the types bool, isize, and String respectively.
Another way to create structs in Rust is to create a tuple struct:
struct Bar (bool, isize, String);
This defines a new type, Bar, that has three unnamed fields, of type bool, isize, and String, in that order. This is known as the newtype pattern, because it effectively introduces a new "name" for a particular type. However, it does so in a more powerful manner than the aliases created using the type keyword; Bar is here a fully functional type, meaning you can write your own methods for it (below).
Finally, declare a struct with no fields, called a unit-like struct:
struct Baz;
This can be useful for mocking or testing (when you want to trivially implement a trait), or as a marker type. In general, however, you are unlikely to come across many unit-like structs.
Note that struct fields in Rust are all private by default --- that is, they cannot be accessed from code outside of the module which defines the type. You can prefix a field with the pub keyword to make that field publicly accessible. In addition, the struct type itself is private. To make the type available to other modules, the struct definition must also be prefixed with pub:
pub struct X {
my_field: bool,
pub our_field: bool,
}
