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Backbone models describe how data is stored using JavaScript objects. Each model is a hash of fields called attributes and the behaviour of the model including validation is described by options. A model of Todo item in a TodoApp would be var ToDo = Backbone.Model.extend({ defaults: { assi...

The easiest way to create a custom data type in Haskell is to use the data keyword: data Foo = Bar | Biz The name of the type is specified between data and =, and is called a type constructor. After = we specify all value constructors of our data type, delimited by the | sign. There is a rule in...

Value constructors are functions that return a value of a data type. Because of this, just like any other function, they can take one or more parameters: data Foo = Bar String Int | Biz String Let's check the type of the Bar value constructor. :t Bar prints Bar :: String -> Int -> Foo...

Type constructors can take one or more type parameters: data Foo a b = Bar a b | Biz a b Type parameters in Haskell must begin with a lowercase letter. Our custom data type is not a real type yet. In order to create values of our type, we must substitute all type parameters with actual types. Be...

Most JVMs have an option to set the maximum heap size e.g. -Xmx64m -Xmx8g In Java 1.0 to 1.2 you could use -mx64m and this is still available on some JVMs for backward compatibility (E.g. Oracle JVM). There are a few common misconceptions about this setting. It doesn't set the heap size...

A lot of Vim users find the Esc too hard to reach, and end up finding another mapping that's easy to reach from the home row. Note that Ctrl-[ may be equivalent to Esc on an English keyboard, and is much easier to reach. jk inoremap jk <ESC> This one is really easy to trigger; just smash...

The minification is used to reduce the size of CSS and Javascript files to speed up download times. This process is done by removing all of the unnecessary white-space, comments, and any other non-essential content from the files. This process is done automatically when using a ScriptBundle or a St...

A Stopwatch instance can measure elapsed time over several intervals with the total elapsed time being all individual intervals added together. This gives a reliable method of measuring elapsed time between two or more events. Stopwatch stopWatch = new Stopwatch(); stopWatch.Start(); double d =...

The simple answer, when asking how to use threads in Python is: "Don't. Use processes, instead." The multiprocessing module lets you create processes with similar syntax to creating threads, but I prefer using their convenient Pool object. Using the code that David Beazley first used to...

;Sends the keystroke for the letter "a" every 3 seconds. #Persistent SetTimer, SendLetterA, 3000 return SendLetterA() { Send, a }

This is an example of something that would have been straight up impossible with labels. If you execute the same label multiple times at the same time and they rely on variables that are being defined within them, they very likely interfere and cause unexpected behavior. Here is how to do it with f...

When you are programming in OpenGL or any other graphics api you will hit a brick wall when you are not that good in math. Here I will explain with example code how you can achieve movement/scaling and many other cool stuff with your 3d object. Let's take a real life case... You've made a awesome (...

If we have this dictionary: set alpha {alice {items {}} bob {items {}} claudia {items {}} derek {items {}}} And want to add "fork" and "peanut" to Alice's items, this code won't work: dict lappend alpha alice items fork peanut dict get $alpha alice # => items {} items f...

The sort algorithm sorts a sequence defined by two iterators. This is enough to sort a built-in (also known as c-style) array. C++11 int arr1[] = {36, 24, 42, 60, 59}; // sort numbers in ascending order sort(std::begin(arr1), std::end(arr1)); // sort numbers in descending order sort(std::b...

In Swift, memory management is done for you automatically using Automatic Reference Counting. (See Memory Management) Allocation is the process of reserving a spot in memory for an object, and in Swift understanding the performance of such requires some understanding of the heap and the stack. The h...

thinky is a lightweight node.js ORM for RethinkDB. First you need to have RethinkDB running on your server. Then install the thinky.io npm package into your project. npm install --save thinky Now import thinky into your model file. const thinky = require('thinky)(); const type = thinky.type ...

defmodule ATest do use ExUnit.Case [{1, 2, 3}, {10, 20, 40}, {100, 200, 300}] |> Enum.each(fn {a, b, c} -> test "#{a} + #{b} = #{c}" do assert unquote(a) + unquote(b) = unquote(c) end end) end Output: . 1) test 10 + 20 = 40 (Test.Test) t...

With Resources class it's possible to dynamically load assets that are not part of the scene. It's very usefull when you have to use on demand assets, for example localize multi language audios, texts, etc.. Assets must be placed in a folder named Resources. It's possible to have multiple Resource...

With ASP.NET Core the Microsoft team also introduced the Options pattern, which allows to have strong typed options and once configured the ability to inject the options into your services. First we start with a strong typed class, which will hold our configuration. public class MySettings { ...

p "This is %s" % "foo" # => "This is foo" p "%s %s %s" % ["foo", "bar", "baz"] # => "foo bar baz" p "%{foo} == %{foo}" % {:foo => "foo" } # => "foo == foo" See String...