Tutorial by Topics: i

VersionRelease Date1.9.32016-05-161.9.52016-12-11
See also I/O for geographic data
ParameterDetailsstring pathPath of the file to check. (relative or fully qualified) Returns true if the file exists, false otherwise.
ParameterDetailsxx-axis variable. May supply either data$variablex or data[,x]yy-axis variable. May supply either data$variabley or data[,y]mainMain title of plotsubOptional subtitle of plotxlabLabel for x-axisylabLabel for y-axispchInteger or character indicating plotting symbolcolInteger or strin...
The pypa sample project contains a complete, easily modifiable template setup.py that demonstrates a large range of capabilities setup-tools has to offer.
Most command line tools rely on arguments passed to the program upon its execution. Instead of prompting for input, these programs expect data or specific flags (which become booleans) to be set. This allows both the user and other programs to run the Python file passing it data as it starts. This s...
A set contains only one copy of each distinct element. Unlike some other programming languages, base R does not have a dedicated data type for sets. Instead, R treats a vector like a set by taking only its distinct elements. This applies to the set operators, setdiff, intersect, union, setequal an...
'() → () '(1 2 3 4 5) → (1 2 3 4 5) '(1 foo 2 bar 3) → (1 'foo 2 'bar 3) (list 1 2 3 4 5) → (1 2 3 4 5) (list* [1 2 3 4 5]) → (1 2 3 4 5) [] → [] [1 2 3 4 5] → [1 2 3 4 5] (vector 1 2 3 4 5) → [1 2 3 4 5] (vec '(1 2 3 4 5)) → [1 2 3 4 5] {} => {} {:keyA 1 :keyB 2} → {:keyA 1 :keyB 2} ...
TargetType target = (SourceType) source;
subprocess.call(args, *, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, shell=False, timeout=None) subprocess.Popen(args, bufsize=-1, executable=None, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, preexec_fn=None, close_fds=True, shell=False, cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=False, startupinfo=None, creati...

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