Tutorial by Examples: me

Documentation comments are placed directly above the method or class they describe. They begin with three forward slashes ///, and allow meta information to be stored via XML. /// <summary> /// Bar method description /// </summary> public void Bar() { } Information in...

The built-in function len returns the number of elements in a map m := map[string]int{} len(m) // 0 m["foo"] = 1 len(m) // 1 If a variable points to a nil map, then len returns 0. var m map[string]int len(m) // 0

Given the flavors, the named capture group may looks like this: (?'name'X) (?<name>X) (?P<name>X) With X being the pattern you want to capture. Let's consider the following string: Once upon a time there was a pretty little girl... Once upon a time there was a unicorn with an h...

As you may (or not) know, you can reference a capture group with: $1 1 being the group number. In the same way, you can reference a named capture group with: ${name} \{name} g\{name} Let's take the preceding example and replace the matches with The hero of the story is a ${subject}. T...

To parse lots of parameters, the prefered way of doing this is using a while loop, a case statement, and shift. shift is used to pop the first parameter in the series, making what used to be $2, now be $1. This is useful for processing arguments one at a time. #!/bin/bash # Load the user define...

WITH RECURSIVE ManagedByJames(Level, ID, FName, LName) AS ( -- start with this row SELECT 1, ID, FName, LName FROM Employees WHERE ID = 1 UNION ALL -- get employees that have any of the previously selected rows as manager SELECT ManagedByJames.Level + 1, ...

MATLAB supports (and encourages) vectorized operations on vectors and matrices. For example, suppose we have A and B, two n-by-m matrices and we want C to be the element-wise product of the corresponding elements (i.e., C(i,j) = A(i,j)*B(i,j)). The un-vectorized way, using nested loops is as follo...

length counts the occurences of elements a in a foldable structure t a. ghci> length [7, 2, 9] -- t ~ [] 3 ghci> length (Right 'a') -- t ~ Either e 1 -- 'Either e a' may contain zero or one 'a' ghci> length (Left "foo") -- t ~ Either String 0 ghci> length (3, True) ...

C11 Reading an object will cause undefined behavior, if the object is1: uninitialized defined with automatic storage duration it's address is never taken The variable a in the below example satisfies all those conditions: void Function( void ) { int a; int b = a; } 1 (Quo...

Expressions in C++ are assigned a particular value category, based on the result of those expressions. Value categories for expressions can affect C++ function overload resolution. Value categories determines two important-but-separate properties about an expression. One property is whether the exp...

Generic methods allow the use of anonymous types through type inference. void Log<T>(T obj) { // ... } Log(new { Value = 10 }); This means LINQ expressions can be used with anonymous types: var products = new[] { new { Amount = 10, Id = 0 }, new { Amount = 20, Id = 1 }, ...

By default, all the methods declared in a protocol are required. This means that any class that conforms to this protocol must implement those methods. It is also possible to declare optional methods. These method can be implemented only if needed. You mark optional methods with the @optional dire...

The typeof operator works on type parameters. class NameGetter<T> { public string GetTypeName() { return typeof(T).Name; } }

The accessibility frame is used by VoiceOver for hit testing touches, drawing the VoiceOver cursor, and calculating where in the focused element to simulate a tap when the user double-taps the screen. Note that the frame is in screen coordinates! myElement.accessibilityFrame = frameInScreenCoordina...

Announcements are useful for alerting users to events that don’t require any interaction, such as “screen locked” or “finished loading.” Use a more specific announcement to notify users of screen changes or more minor layout changes. UIAccessibilityPostNotification(UIAccessibilityAnnouncementNotifi...

VoiceOver navigates from top-left to bottom-right, irrespective of the view hierarchy. This is usually how content is arranged in left-to-right languages since sighted individuals tend to scan the screen in an “F-shaped pattern”. VoiceOver users will expect to navigate the same way as typical users....

Most UIKit classes, including UIView, adhere to UIAccessibilityProtocol and return correct values by default. It’s easy to take for granted that a UIView set to hidden is also absent from the accessibility hierarchy and won’t be navigated by VoiceOver. While this default behavior is usually sufficie...

SQL injection is a kind of attack that allows a malicious user to modify the SQL query, adding unwanted commands to it. For example, the following code is vulnerable: // Do not use this vulnerable code! $sql = 'SELECT name, email, user_level FROM users WHERE userID = ' . $_GET['user']; $conn->...

The return type of a method can depend on the type of the parameter. In this example, x is the parameter, A is the type of x, which is known as the type parameter. def f[A](x: A): A = x f(1) // 1 f("two") // "two" f[Float](3) // 3.0F Scala will use type infe...

In Go, an error is represented by any value that can describe itself as string. Any type that implement the built-in error interface is an error. // The error interface is represented by a single // Error() method, that returns a string representation of the error type error interface { Erro...