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To raise an exception use Kernel#raise passing the exception class and/or message: raise StandardError # raises a StandardError.new raise StandardError, "An error" # raises a StandardError.new("An error") You can also simply pass an error message. In this case, the message i...

A custom exception is any class that extends Exception or a subclass of Exception. In general, you should always extend StandardError or a descendant. The Exception family are usually for virtual-machine or system errors, rescuing them can prevent a forced interruption from working as expected. # ...

Use the begin/rescue block to catch (rescue) an exception and handle it: begin # an execution that may fail rescue # something to execute in case of failure end A rescue clause is analogous to a catch block in a curly brace language like C# or Java. A bare rescue like this rescues Stand...

A button can be disabled by Swift myButton.isEnabled = false Objective-C: myButton.enabled = NO; The button will become gray: If you don't want the button appearance to change when disabled set adjustsImageWhenDisabled to false / NO

Often we want to operate only on elements of an array that fulfill a specific condition: Select Will return elements that match a specific condition array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] array.select { |number| number > 3 } # => [4, 5, 6] Reject Will return elements that do not match a specific c...

There are many ways you can create a UIColor: Swift Using one of the predefined colors: let redColor = UIColor.redColor() let blueColor: UIColor = .blueColor() // In Swift 3, the "Color()" suffix is removed: let redColor = UIColor.red let blueColor: UIColor = .blue If the c...

File f = new File(path); String content = new Scanner(f).useDelimiter("\\Z").next(); \Z is the EOF (End of File) Symbol. When set as delimiter the Scanner will read the fill until the EOF Flag is reached.

Directives are one of the most powerful features of angularjs. Custom angularjs directives are used to extend functionality of html by creating new html elements or custom attributes to provide certain behavior to an html tag. directive.js // Create the App module if you haven't created it yet va...

Download and install Visual Studio. Visual Studio can be downloaded from VisualStudio.com. The Community edition is suggested, first because it is free, and second because it involves all the general features and can be extended further. Open Visual Studio. Welcome. Go to File → New ...

NSAttributedString (and its mutable sibling NSMutableAttributedString) allows you to create strings that are complex in their appearance to the user. A common application is to use this to display a string and adding custom kerning / letter-spacing. This would be achieved as follows (where label ...

Using reflection, a method of an object can be invoked during runtime. The example shows how to invoke the methods of a String object. import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; import java.lang.reflect.Method; String s = "Hello World!"; // method without parameters // i...

docker run --restart=always -d <container> By default, Docker will not restart containers when the Docker daemon restarts, for example after a host system reboot. Docker provides a restart policy for your containers by supplying the --restart command line option. Supplying --restart=always ...

Const ForReading = 1 Const ForWriting = 2 Const ForAppending = 8 Sub FsoExample() Dim fso As Object ' declare variable Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") ' Set it to be a File System Object ' now use it to check if a file exists Dim myFilePath A...

Const ForReading = 1 Const ForWriting = 2 Const ForAppending = 8 Sub ReadTextFileExample() Dim fso As Object Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") Dim sourceFile As Object Dim myFilePath As String Dim myFileText As String myFilePath = &...

Sub CreateTextFileExample() Dim fso As Object Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") Dim targetFile As Object Dim myFilePath As String Dim myFileText As String myFilePath = "C:\mypath\to\myfile.txt" Set targetFile = fso.CreateT...

traverse_ executes an Applicative action for every element in a Foldable structure. It ignores the action's result, keeping only the side-effects. (For a version which doesn't discard results, use Traversable.) -- using the Writer applicative functor (and the Sum monoid) ghci> runWriter $ trave...

foo.h #ifndef FOO_DOT_H /* This is an "include guard" */ #define FOO_DOT_H /* prevents the file from being included twice. */ /* Including a header file twice causes all kinds */ /* of interesting problems.*/ /** * This is a functi...

Use of global variables is generally discouraged. It makes your program more difficult to understand, and harder to debug. But sometimes using a global variable is acceptable. global.h #ifndef GLOBAL_DOT_H /* This is an "include guard" */ #define GLOBAL_DOT_H /** * This tells ...

Basic usage: PropertyInfo prop = myInstance.GetType().GetProperty("myProperty"); // get the value myInstance.myProperty object value = prop.GetValue(myInstance); int newValue = 1; // set the value myInstance.myProperty to newValue prop.setValue(myInstance, newValue); Setting rea...

While static constructors are always called before the first usage of a type it's sometimes useful to be able to force them to be called and the RuntimeHelpers class provide an helper for it: using System.Runtime.CompilerServices; // ... RuntimeHelpers.RunClassConstructor(typeof(Foo).TypeHand...