NULL
in SQL, as well as programming in general, means literally "nothing". In SQL, it is easier to understand as "the absence of any value".
It is important to distinguish it from seemingly empty values, such as the empty string ''
or the number 0
, neither of which are actually NULL
.
It is also important to be careful not to enclose NULL
in quotes, like 'NULL'
, which is allowed in columns that accept text, but is not NULL
and can cause errors and incorrect data sets.