Switch statements compare a single test value to multiple conditions, and performs any associated actions for successful comparisons. It can result in multiple matches/actions.
Given the following switch...
switch($myValue)
{
    'First Condition'    { 'First Action' }
    'Second Condition'   { 'Second Action' }
}
'First Action' will be output if $myValue is set as 'First Condition'.
'Section Action' will be output if $myValue is set as 'Second Condition'.
Nothing will be output if $myValue does not match either conditions.