User is an ActiveRecord or Mongoid class. Replace User with any Rails class in your project (even something like Integer or Array)
my_string = "User" # Capitalized string
# => 'User'
my_constant = my_string.safe_constantize
# => User
my_constant.all.count
# => 18
my_string = "Array"
# => 'Array'
my_constant = my_string.safe_constantize
# => Array
my_constant.new(4)
# => [nil, nil, nil, nil]