When we write a program, in most of the cases, we rely upon that the program will execute normally, and most of the time, programs follow the normal pattern, but there are some exceptions.
In VB.NET, exception handling is done with the Try...Catch...Finally statement. The Try encloses the statements that might throw an exception, the Catch handles an exception, and the Finally can be used for any cleanup work.
The basic syntax of the Try...Catch...Finally statement is as follows.
Try
tryStatement(s)
Exit Try
Catch exception As type
catchStatement(s)
Exit Try
Finally
finallyStatement(s)
End Try
If any exception occurs inside the Try block, then control transfers to the appropriate Catch block and later to the Finally block.
A Try block is used to write a portion of code that might be affected by an exception.
Try block, the corresponding Catch block will handle the exception.Try block requires one or more associated Catch blocks, or a Finally block, or both.When an exception occurs, the Catch block of code is executed. This is where you can handle the exception, log it, or ignore it.
A Finally block contains code that is run regardless of whether an exception is thrown in the Try block, such as releasing resources allocated in the Try block.
If any exception occurs inside the Try block, then control transfers to the appropriate Catch block and later to the Finally block.
Try block can exist either with one or more Catch blocks or a Finally block or with both Catch and Finally blocks.Try block, the control directly transfers to the Finally block.Finally block are always executed.In the following example, we have several statements in a Try block. If an exception occurs inside a Try block, then the program will jump to the Catch block. Inside a Catch block, we display a message to instruct the user about the error, and in the Finally block we will display a message.
Public Sub Example1()
Try
Dim num = Integer.Parse("6")
Console.WriteLine("The number is {0}", num)
Dim num1 = Integer.Parse("a")
Console.WriteLine("The number is {0}", num)
Catch
Console.Write("Error occurred.")
Finally
Console.Write("It will always be executed because I am in Finally block.")
End Try
End Sub
The above example may throw an exception when a non-numeric character is specified to convert from string to an int.
The number is 6
Error occurred.
It will be executed always because I am in Finally block.
You can also catch the actual error by specifying a parameter of a built-in or custom exception class to get an error detail. The following example includes the Exception type parameter that catches all types of exceptions.
Public Sub Example2()
Try
Dim num = Integer.Parse("6")
Console.WriteLine("The number is {0}", num)
Dim num1 = Integer.Parse("a")
Console.WriteLine("The number is {0}", num)
Catch e As Exception
Console.Write(e.Message)
Finally
Console.Write("It will be executed always because I am in Finally block.")
End Try
End Sub
Let's run the above code, and now you will see the actual error when a character is parsed to an integer.
The number is 6
Input string was not in a correct format.
It will be executed always because I am in Finally block.
You can use multiple Catch blocks when you are not sure about the exception type that may be generated, so you can write different blocks to tackle any type of exception that can occur.
Public Sub Example3()
Try
Dim num = Integer.Parse("6")
Console.WriteLine("The number is {0}", num)
Dim num1 = Integer.Parse("a")
Console.WriteLine($"The number is {0}", num)
Catch e As FormatException
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
Catch e As IndexOutOfRangeException
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
Catch e As DivideByZeroException
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
Catch e As Exception
Console.Write(e.Message)
Finally
Console.Write(vbLf & "It will be executed always because I am in finally block.")
End Try
End Sub