In order to obtain a Google Maps API key for your certificate, you must provide the API console with the SH1-fingerprint of your debug/release keystore.
You can obtain the keystore by using the JDK's keytool program as described here in the docs.
Another approach is to obtain the fingerprint programmatically by running this snippet with your app signed with the debug/release certificate and printing the hash to the log.
PackageInfo info;
try {
info = getPackageManager().getPackageInfo("com.package.name", PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES);
for (Signature signature : info.signatures) {
MessageDigest md;
md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA");
md.update(signature.toByteArray());
String hash= new String(Base64.encode(md.digest(), 0));
Log.e("hash", hash);
}
} catch (NameNotFoundException e1) {
Log.e("name not found", e1.toString());
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
Log.e("no such an algorithm", e.toString());
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("exception", e.toString());
}