C# - Events | csharp Tutorial

An event is a message or you can say a notification that is sent by an object to signal the occurrence of an action.

The action can be caused by user interaction, such as a button click, or it can result from some other program logic, such as changing a property's value.
The object that raises the event is called the event sender or publisher, and the object who receives the notification is called the receiver or subscriber.
The event sender doesn't know which object or method will receive or handle the events it raises.
In C#, an event is dependent on the delegate, the delegate defines the signature for the event handler method of the subscriber class.

Let's consider the following example, we declare an event named ThresholdReached. The event is associated with the EventHandler delegate and raised in a method named OnThresholdReached.

public event EventHandler ThresholdReached;

protected virtual void OnThresholdReached(EventArgs e)
{
    EventHandler handler = ThresholdReached;
    if (handler != null)
    {
        handler(this, e);
    }
}

C# provides the EventHandler and EventHandler<TEventArgs> delegates to support most event scenarios. The following code shows how to raise the event.

class Counter
{
    public event EventHandler ThresholdReached;

    protected virtual void OnThresholdReached(EventArgs e)
    {
        EventHandler handler = ThresholdReached;
        if (handler != null)
        {
            handler(this, e);
        }
    }

    private int total;

    public void Add(int x)
    {
        total += x;

        Console.WriteLine("Count: "+ total);
        if (total == 7)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Event raised...");
            OnThresholdReached(EventArgs.Empty);
        }
    }
}

It contains a class named Counter that has an event named ThresholdReached. This event is raised when a counter value equals to 7. When the event is raised, it will be handled by the following method.

static void c_ThresholdReached(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Event received.");
}

The above example shows an event handler method named c_ThresholdReached that matches the signature for the EventHandler delegate.

The following code registers the ThresholdReached event and starts the counter and increment it in a for loop.

Counter c = new Counter();
c.ThresholdReached += c_ThresholdReached;

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
    c.Add(1);
}

Let's run the above code and you will see the following code.

Count: 1
Count: 2
Count: 3
Count: 4
Count: 5
Count: 6
Count: 7
Event raised...
Event received.
Count: 8
Count: 9
Count: 10

For more information about events, visit https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/events/

All the examples related to the events are available in the Events.cs file of the source code. Download the source code and try out all the examples for better understanding.

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C#

C# Events

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